Xiv Rsproxy 1.1.0 Guide 6r5by

IBM XIV Storage System



Remote Proxy Installation and 's Guide Version 1.1

GA32-0795-01

IBM XIV Storage System



Remote Proxy Installation and 's Guide Version 1.1

GA32-0795-01

Note Before using this information and the product it s, read the information in “Notices” on page 13.

This edition applies to version 1, release 1, of IBM XIV Storage System Remote Proxy, and to all subsequent releases and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions. This edition replaces GA32-0795-00. © Copyright IBM Corporation 2010. US Government s Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

Contents About this guide . . . . . . . . . . . v Who should use this guide . . . . Conventions used in this guide . . . Publications and related information . Getting information, help, and service . How to order publications . . . . Sending your comments . . . . .

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Chapter 1. Overview . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter 2. Installing and configuring the Remote Proxy . . . . . . . . 3 Software requirements . . . . . . Installing the Remote Proxy . Configuring the Remote Proxy

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2010

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Starting the Remote Proxy . Configuring XIV systems . . . .

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Chapter 3. Uninstalling the Remote Proxy . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Chapter 4. Managing the Remote Proxy . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Starting and stopping the Remote Proxy . Monitoring status . . . . . . . . . . .

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Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Trademarks .

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IBM XIV Remote Proxy

About this guide This guide describes how to install, configure, and use the IBM® XIV® Storage System Remote Proxy to connect an XIV system to the XIV Remote Center.

Who should use this guide This guide is intended for customers who want to connect an IBM XIV Storage System to the IBM XIV Remote Center using the remote proxy. To use this guide, you must be familiar with the IBM XIV Storage System and the IBM XIV Remote Center.

Conventions used in this guide These notices are used to highlight key information. Note: These notices provide important tips, guidance, or advice. Important: These notices provide information or advice that might help you avoid inconvenient or difficult situations. Attention: These notices indicate possible damage to programs, devices, or data. An attention notice appears before the instruction or situation in which damage can occur.

Publications and related information Product manuals, other IBM publications, and Web sites contain information that relates to the IBM XIV Storage System. To view a PDF file, you need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be ed for free from the Adobe Web site at www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep.html.

Information centers From the IBM XIV Storage System Information Center, you can browse all product documentation. The information center is available on the Web at publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/index.jsp.

Publications Information that is available in the information center is also available in a set of publications, in PDF format. IBM XIV Storage System (GA32-0791) v IBM XIV Storage System Product Overview publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/GA32-0639-08.pdf This document contains an overview of the IBM XIV Storage System hardware and software. © Copyright IBM Corp. 2010

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v IBM XIV Storage System Planning Guide (GA32-0770) publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/GA32-0770-00.pdf This document defines preinstallation requirements for IBM XIV Storage Systems. It is important to ensure that you meet all requirements to guarantee a fast and reliable installation. v IBM XIV Storage System Host Attachment Guides publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/hag.html These documents provide information about attaching host systems to the IBM XIV Storage System. Guides are available for each ed operating system, including IBM AIX®, Linux, and Microsoft Windows. (GC27-2213) v IBM XIV Storage System XCLI Reference Guide publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/GC27-2213-05.pdf This document describes the IBM XIV command-line interface (XCLI) system and utility commands used to manage and maintain the XIV system, including the command syntax, parameter descriptions, output descriptions, and examples. (GA32-0638) v IBM XIV Storage System XCLI Manual publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/GA32-0638-03.pdf This document describes how to use the IBM XIV command-line interface (XCLI) to run XIV system and utility commands. VSS Provider - Xprov v IBM XIV Storage System VSS Provider - Xprov Release Notes publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/xProv_2_2_3.pdf This document describes the ed environment, new features, known issues, and installation information. Remote Mirroring for VCS Cluster IBM XIV Storage System Remote Mirroring for VCS Installation Guide publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/ IBM_XIV_Remote_Mirroring_Agent_for_VCS_2.1.0_Installation_Guide.pdf This guide describes how to install and configure the VERITAS Cluster Server (VCS) enterprise agent for IBM XIV Remote Mirroring. v IBM XIV Storage System Remote Mirroring for VCS Release Notes for v

Windows publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/ IBM_XIV_Remote_Mirroring_Agent_for_VCS_2.1.0_Release_Notes_for_Windows.pdf This document describes the ed environment, new features, fixes, and known issues.

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IBM XIV Storage System Remote Mirroring for VCS Release Notes for Solaris publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/ IBM_XIV_Remote_Mirroring_Agent_for_VCS_2.1.0_Release_Notes_for_Solaris.pdf This document describes the ed environment, new features, fixes, and known issues.

MPIO Management Console v

IBM XIV Storage System MPIO Management Console 's Guide (GA32-0746) publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/hag_1_5_x/GA32-0746-00.pdf This guide discusses the IBM XIV MPIO Management Console application, which provides monitoring and management capabilities to the multipath subsystems of the IBM XIV Storage System.

Remote Proxy v IBM XIV Storage System Remote Proxy Installation and 's (GA32-0795) Guide publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/ibmxiv/r2/topic/ com.ibm.help.xiv.doc/docs/GA32-0795.pdf This guide describes how to install, configure, and use the IBM XIV Storage System Remote Proxy to connect an XIV system to the XIV Remote Center.

IBM Redbooks publications and technical papers Various IBM Redbooks® publications, Redpapers, and white papers are available for the IBM XIV Storage System. For additional papers, see the IBM XIV Storage System Web site at www.ibm.com/systems/storage/disk/xiv/. v IBM XIV Storage System: Architecture, Implementation, and Usage www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg247659.html?Open&cm_sp=MTE10970 This Redbooks publication describes the concepts, architecture, and implementation of the XIV system, which is designed to be a scalable enterprise storage system based upon a grid array of hardware components. v IBM XIV Storage System with the Virtual I/O Server and IBM i http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/redp4598.html?Open &cm_sp=MTE11087 This paper discusses and explains how you can connect the XIV system to the IBM i operating system through the Virtual I/O Server (VIOS). A connection through the VIOS is especially useful for IT centers that have many small IBM i partitions. When using the VIOS, the fibre-channel host adapters can be installed in the VIOS and shared by many IBM i clients using virtual connectivity to the VIOS. v Performance Reinvented ftp://service.boulder.ibm.com/storage/disk/xiv/ ibm_xiv_performance_paper.pdf About this guide

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This white paper describes how the XIV system provides a solution to today's performance requirements. v Reliability Reinvented ftp://service.boulder.ibm.com/storage/disk/xiv/ibm_xiv_reliability_paper.pdf This white paper describes how the XIV architecture delivers a new standard of reliability and availability for enterprise-class storage systems v Snapshot Reinvented ftp://service.boulder.ibm.com/storage/disk/xiv/ibm_xiv_snapshots_paper.pdf This white paper describes the XIV snapshot architecture and explains its underlying advantages in of performance, ease of use, flexibility and reliability. It also describes how these advantages are achieved by harnessing the power afforded by the unique grid architecture. v Thin Provisioning Reinvented ftp://service.boulder.ibm.com/storage/disk/xiv/ ibm_xiv_thin_provisioning_paper.pdf This white paper explores the benefits of thin provisioning, the XIV approach to implementing it, and other XIV capabilities that ease management and increase return on investement for IT managers and storage s.

Related Web sites View these Web sites to get more information about the XIV system. v IBM XIV Storage System www.ibm.com/systems/storage/disk/xiv/ Use this Web site to learn about the XIV system, including features and hardware summary. This Web site also has links to white papers, Redbooks publications, and product documentation. v for XIV Storage System www.ibm.com/systems//storage/xiv Use this Web site to obtain able files, links to submit and track problems, and phone numbers and s. v IBM Systems Storage forum www.ibm.com/developerworks/forums/forum.jspa?forumID=846 Use this forum to share ideas with knowledgeable experts and discover how the latest IBM storage solutions can address your business challenges. Forum topics include storage management, storage virtualization, business continuity, infrastructure simplification, disk storage systems, and storage software products and solutions.

Getting information, help, and service If you need help, service, technical assistance, or just want more information about IBM products, you can find a variety of sources to assist you. Table 1 on page ix provides a list of Web pages that you can view to get information about IBM products and services and to find the latest technical information and .

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Table 1. IBM Web sites for help, information, and service Web site ibm.com

®

Description Main IBM home page

www.ibm.com/storage/

IBM home page

www.ibm.com/planetwide

IBM page with pointers to the relevant information for a specific country

How to order publications The IBM Publications Center is a worldwide central repository for IBM product publications and marketing material. The IBM Publications Center offers customized search functions to help you find the publications that you need. Some publications are available for you to view or at no charge. You can also order publications. The publications center displays prices in your local currency. You can access the IBM Publications Center through the following Web site: www.ibm.com/shop/publications/order/

Sending your comments Your is important in helping to provide the most accurate and highest quality information.

Procedure To submit any comments about this book or any other IBM XIV Storage System documentation: Send your comments by email to [email protected]. Be sure to include the following information: v Exact publication title and version v Publication form number (for example, GA32-0770-00) v Page, table, or illustration numbers that you are commenting on v A detailed description of any information that should be changed

About this guide

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Chapter 1. Overview The remote system for the IBM XIV Storage System requires IP communication between the XIV system and the XIV Remote Center. When an XIV system does not have direct access to the Internet (for example, due to a firewall), you can use the XIV Remote Proxy to facilitate that connection. The Remote Proxy is a network proxy that connects one or more XIV systems to the XIV Remote Center. The Remote Proxy runs as a service on a Linux system that has Internet connectivity to the XIV Remote Center and local network connectivity to the XIV system. The connection to the XIV Remote Center is initiated by the XIV system through the IBM XIV Storage System GUI or IBM XIV command-line interface (XCLI) Figure 1 illustrates a typical network configuration that uses the Remote Proxy. The communication between the XIV system and the Remote Proxy uses Secure Shell (SSH). The communication between the Remote Proxy and the XIV Remote Center is encrypted with an additional layer of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).

Customer

IBM

Internet IBM firewall

IBM remote server xiv10034

XIV Remote Customer firewall Proxy IBM XIV Storage System

Figure 1. XIV Remote Proxy network configuration

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2010

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IBM XIV Remote Proxy

Chapter 2. Installing and configuring the Remote Proxy This information describes how to install and configure the Remote Proxy on a system that has access to the XIV system and the Internet.

Procedure Perform these steps to install and configure the Remote Proxy: 1. Install the Remote Proxy 2. Configure the Remote Proxy 3. Start the Remote Proxy 4. Configure XIV systems

Software requirements For information about ed operating systems, refer to the release notes for the Remote Proxy.

Installing the Remote Proxy This information describes how to and install the IBM XIV Storage System Remote Proxy.

Procedure To and install the Remote Proxy, perform these steps: 1. Go to the for XIV Storage System Web site at www.ibm.com/systems/ /storage/xiv. 2. Click in the & s section on the right side of the Web page. 3. Click able files under Recommended fix. 4. Click IBM XIV Remote Proxy, version v.r.m in the Results list, where v.r.m is the version, release, and modification level. Note: You might need to advance to the second page of results to find the link 5. the release notes by clicking the link for the appropriate release under Prerequisites. Release notes contain information about fixes, known problems, and limitations. 6. the installation file by clicking the FTP link for the appropriate platform under package. 7. Assign the ed file execution permissions by running the following command: chmod +x file_name.bin

where file_name.bin is the name of the installation package for the appropriate platform. 8. Install the Remote Proxy using the following command: ./file_name.bin

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2010

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where file_name.bin is the name of the installation package for the appropriate platform. A software license is displayed. 9. Follow the instructions at the bottom of the window to read through and accept the license. The installation program installs an RPM package named "xivproxy" and then exits.

Results The following files are installed on the local system: /usr/bin/xivproxy The binary executable file. /etc/xiv/proxy.conf The configuration file. You must update this file before starting the Remote Proxy service. /etc/init.d/xivproxy The system service for starting and stopping the Remote Proxy. The service is configured to start when the server boots. It does not start automatically after installation. /usr/share/xiv/syslog-logger A logger program that can be modified to integrate with the existing logging and monitoring systems. /usr/share/doc/xivproxy-version/license A directory containing the accepted software license for the Remote Proxy in multiple languages. In the directory path, version is the product version.

Configuring the Remote Proxy You must configure the Remote Proxy before starting the Remote Proxy service.

Procedure To configure the Remote Proxy, edit the following parameters in the /etc/xiv/proxy.conf file: ListenInterface The interface name or IP address of the server on which the Remote Proxy is running (for example, eth0 or 192.0.2.0). The interface name must be the same as the output of the ifconfig command. Important: The XIV system must have access to the system running Remote Proxy as defined by this interface name or IP address. ListenPort The T port on which the Remote Proxy is to listen for incoming connections from the XIV systems (for example, 8988). Important: The XIV system must have access to the system running Remote Proxy as defined by this port.

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IBM XIV Remote Proxy

TargetAddress The host name or IP address (using IPv4 format) of the XIV Remote Center (for example, 195.110.41.141). Tip: your IBM representative to obtain this IP address or host name. Important: The system running the Remote Proxy must have access to the XIV Remote Center as defined by this host name or IP address. TargetPort The port of the XIV Remote Center (for example, 443). Tip: your IBM representative to obtain this port number. Important: The system running the Remote Proxy must have access to the XIV Remote Center as defined by this port. | | |

HTTPProxyHost (Optional) The IP address, using IPv4 format, or host name of the HTTP proxy server (for example, 192.0.2.0).

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If your network does not allow a direct connection to the Internet, you must use an HTTP proxy server. If this is the case, set the HTTPProxyHost and HTTPProxyPort parameters.

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Note: The HTTP proxy must be configured to allow outgoing HTTPS connections.

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HTTPProxyPort (Optional) The port of the HTTP proxy server (for example, 8080). StatusInterface (Optional) The interface name or IP address (using IPv4 format) of an additional T port on which the Remote Proxy listens to monitor status of the proxy service (for example, eth1 or 192.0.2.2). When you connect to the status port (for example, using Telnet), the proxy service displays a status message and then closes the connection. If the StatusInterface and StatusPort parameters are not configured, the status service is disabled. When the status service is enabled, you can retrieve the status by running the service xivproxy status command. To enable status queries only from the local server, use the loopback interface lo. To enable status queries over the network, use a network interface. StatusPort (Optional) The port number of an additional T port on which the Remote Proxy listens to monitor status (for example, 8966). If the StatusInterface and StatusPort parameters are not configured, the status service is disabled. (Optional) ID of a restricted to use to run the Remote Proxy (for example, nobody). If the proxy runs as the root , it drops its privileges to those of the specified or nobody if no is specified. This is done after binding ports and opening the log file, in case they require root access. Chapter 2. Installing and configuring the Remote Proxy

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Logger (Optional) Location of the logger program (for example, /usr/share/xiv/ syslog-logger). See the contents of the /usr/share/xiv/syslog-logger file for more information and example code. Note: The logger runs as a restricted and not the root . The Remote Proxy runs the logger each time the XIV system connects to and disconnects from the XIV Remote Center, or when an error occurs. You can modify the logger program to integrate with existing logging and monitoring tools. The logger program runs without any arguments and with the following predefined environment variables: PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin EVENT={connect|disconnect|error} CLIENT=IP_address:port TARGET=IP_address:port MESSAGE=arbitrary text message when EVENT=error

In the following example, the XIV system uses IP address 192.0.2.0 and port 9999, the XIV Remote Center uses IP address 192.0.2.1 and port 443, and the logger is called to report a successful connection: PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin EVENT=connect CLIENT=192.0.2.0:9999 TARGET=192.0.2.1:443 MESSAGE=

LogFile (Optional) Location of the error log. If not set, the default location is /var/log/xivproxy.log. This error log contains information about proxy service startup, shutdown, connections, and disconnections. If debugging is enabled, this file also contains the trace logs. DebugLog (Optional) A flag indicating whether debugging is enabled. Set to Yes to enable debugging or No to disable debugging. The default value is No. When debugging is enabled, trace logs are created. These logs are useful for troubleshooting and debugging problems.

Example The following example shows a sample configuration file: # Interface and port on which the proxy listens ListenInterface eth0 ListenPort 8988 # Host and port of destination TargetAddress 195.110.41.141 TargetPort 443

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# Host and port of HTTP proxy server HTTPProxyHost 192.0.2.0 HTTPProxyPort 8080 # Interface and port of status service StatusInterface lo

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IBM XIV Remote Proxy

StatusPort

8966

# ID to run the proxy nobody # External log program (optional) Logger /usr/share/xiv/syslog-logger LogFile /var/log/xivproxy.log DebugLog no

Starting the Remote Proxy After updating the Remote Proxy configuration file, start the Remote Proxy service.

Procedure To start the Remote Proxy, run the following command: service xivproxy start

If the proxy service does not start correctly, examine the log file for errors. The default log file is /var/log/xivproxy.log.

Configuring XIV systems After installing and configuring the Remote Proxy, you must define a new remote connection with information about the proxy server.

Procedure 1. Ensure that no remote servers are configured. To list all currently configured XIV Remote Center servers, use the following command: _center_list

2. If XIV Remote Center servers have been defined, delete the servers using the following command: _center_delete service_center=name

where name is the unique name of the XIV Remote Center server, as it appears in the Names column in the output of the _center_list command. 3. Define a new remote connection with the information about the proxy server using the following command: _center_define _center=name address=proxy_ip port=proxy_port

where: _center=name A unique name of the remote server. You can use any name. address=proxy_ip The IP address of the server on which the Remote Proxy is running. This is the same as the ListenInterface parameter in Remote Proxy configuration file (/etc/xiv/proxy.conf). port=proxy_port The T port on which the Remote Proxy is to listen for incoming connections from the XIV systems (for example, 8988). This is the same as the ListenPort parameter in Remote Proxy configuration file (/etc/xiv/proxy.conf).

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4. Test the connection for each XIV system when configuration is complete by connecting the XIV system to the remote server using the following command: _center_connect

5. Wait a few seconds for the connection to complete, and then check the status using the following command: _center_status

6. Ensure that the connection state is reported as idle and not as no connection. If the connection state is not idle, examine the log file for errors.

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IBM XIV Remote Proxy

Chapter 3. Uninstalling the Remote Proxy This information describes how to uninstall the IBM XIV Storage System Remote Proxy.

Procedure To remove the Remote Proxy from the system on which it is installed, perform these steps: 1. Stop the proxy service using the following command: service xivproxy stop

2. Uninstall the Remote Proxy by running the following command: rpm -e xivproxy

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2010

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Chapter 4. Managing the Remote Proxy This information describes how to start and stop the Remote Proxy and how to view connection status.

Starting and stopping the Remote Proxy After the Remote Proxy is installed and configured, you can start, stop, and restart the Remote Proxy service.

Procedure v To start the Remote Proxy, run the following command: service xivproxy start

v To stop the Remote Proxy, run the following command: service xivproxy stop

v To restart the Remote Proxy, run the following command: service xivproxy restart

Monitoring status You can monitor connection status for the Remote Proxy.

Procedure To monitor Remote Proxy status, run the following command: service xivproxy status

Results The status command displays the following values. Note: This information displays only if the status service is configured in the configuration file. Open connections The number of connections that currently exist between the XIV systems on the network and the XIV Remote Center server. These connections do not have to be in an active remote session, but only connected to the server. |

Failed connections The number of connections that failed due to an error. This number represent a cumulative count from the time the status service was started and can only increase. When the proxy service is stopped and restarted, this number resets to zero. Total connections The total number of connection attempts that were made by the XIV systems on the network, whether successful or not. This number is a cumulative count from the time the proxy service was started and can only increase. When the proxy service is stopped and restarted, this number resets to zero. © Copyright IBM Corp. 2010

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Notices The legal notices pertain to IBM XIV Storage System documentation. This information was developed for products and services offered in the U.S.A. IBM may not offer the products, services, or features discussed in this document in other countries. Consult your local IBM representative for information on the products and services currently available in your area. Any reference to an IBM product, program, or service is not intended to state or imply that only that IBM product, program, or service may be used. Any functionally equivalent product, program, or service that does not infringe any IBM intellectual property right may be used instead. However, it is the 's responsibility to evaluate and the operation of any non-IBM product, program, or service. IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter described in this document. The furnishing of this document does not grant you any license to these patents. You can send license inquiries, in writing, to: IBM Director of Licensing IBM Corporation North Castle Drive Armonk, NY 10504-1785 U.S.A. For license inquiries regarding double-byte character set (DBCS) information, the IBM Intellectual Property Department in your country or send inquiries, in writing, to: Intellectual Property Licensing Legal and Intellectual Property Law IBM Japan Ltd. 1623-14, Shimotsuruma, Yamato-shi Kanagawa 242-8502 Japan The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any other country where such provisions are inconsistent with local law: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states do not allow disclaimer of express or implied warranties in certain transactions, therefore, this statement may not apply to you. This information could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this publication at any time without notice. Any references in this information to non-IBM Web sites are provided for convenience only and do not in any manner serve as an endorsement of those Web © Copyright IBM Corp. 2010

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sites. The materials at those Web sites are not part of the materials for this IBM product and use of those Web sites is at your own risk. IBM may use or distribute any of the information you supply in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you. Licensees of this program who wish to have information about it for the purpose of enabling: (i) the exchange of information between independently created programs and other programs (including this one) and (ii) the mutual use of the information which has been exchanged, should : IBM Corporation Almaden Research 650 Harry Road Bldg 80, D3-304, Department 277 San Jose, CA 95120-6099 U.S.A. Such information may be available, subject to appropriate and conditions, including in some cases, payment of a fee. The licensed program described in this document and all licensed material available for it are provided by IBM under of the IBM Customer Agreement, IBM International Program License Agreement or any equivalent agreement between us. Any performance data contained herein was determined in a controlled environment. Therefore, the results obtained in other operating environments may vary significantly. Some measurements may have been made on development-level systems and there is no guarantee that these measurements will be the same on generally available systems. Furthermore, some measurements may have been estimated through extrapolation. Actual results may vary. s of this document should the applicable data for their specific environment. Information concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of those products, their published announcements or other publicly available sources. IBM has not tested those products and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products. All statements regarding IBM's future direction or intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only. All IBM prices shown are IBM's suggested retail prices, are current and are subject to change without notice. Dealer prices may vary. This information is for planning purposes only. The information herein is subject to change before the products described become available. This information contains examples of data and reports used in daily business operations. To illustrate them as completely as possible, the examples include the names of individuals, companies, brands, and products. All of these names are fictitious and any similarity to the names and addresses used by an actual business enterprise is entirely coincidental.

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COPYRIGHT LICENSE: This information contains sample application programs in source language, which illustrate programming techniques on various operating platforms. You may copy, modify, and distribute these sample programs in any form without payment to IBM, for the purposes of developing, using, marketing or distributing application programs conforming to the application programming interface for the operating platform for which the sample programs are written. These examples have not been thoroughly tested under all conditions. IBM, therefore, cannot guarantee or imply reliability, serviceability, or function of these programs. The sample programs are provided "AS IS", without warranty of any kind. IBM shall not be liable for any damages arising out of your use of the sample programs. If you are viewing this information softcopy, the photographs and color illustrations may not appear.

Trademarks IBM, the IBM logo, and ibm.com are trademarks or ed trademarks of International Business Machines Corp., ed in many jurisdictions worldwide. Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies. A current list of IBM trademarks is available on the Web at Copyright and trademark information at . Adobe is a ed trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States, and/or other countries. Linux is a trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both. Microsoft and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. Other company, product, and service names may be trademarks or service marks of others.

Notices

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Printed in USA

GA32-0795-01