Software Defined Radio 1e2m1f

Software Defined Radio Chandrakant Sharpa SRMRI, Bangalore

Outline • • • •

Current Scenario Software Defined Radio SDR @ SRMRI Our Proposals

Wireless Infrastrature and Ad-hoc Communication Networks • Global mobile standards : 2G(GSM), 3G(WCDMA), 4G-LTE(OFDM) • Wireless standards : WiMax, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11a,b,g,n,p • Digital Terrestrial TV Broadcasting System: DAB, DVB, DMB • Intelligent Transport System : ETC, DSRC, CAR LAN • Home Network : ADSL, FTTH, Wireless USB • Wireless PAN : WPAN over UWB, IEEE802.15.3a, 3c • Sensor Network : RFIDTag, Zigbee, IEEE802.15.4a • Multistandard mobiles system eg. Software GPS, FM-Radio • Machine to Machine communication • Dependable Healthcare communication • And many more….

Current Hardware Defined Radio • Complicated dedicated hardware- expensive to develop • Very limited flexibility- static construction • Total reconstruction necessary in order to add or change functionality- new hardware chip • High analog complexity & high sensitivity of RF interference • Analog power, size and weight scales with number of channels - expensive

Traditional Hardware Defined Radio(HDR)

Need • Goal : design a flexible and open architecture suitable for a variety of different wireless access technologies. • Solution : Software Defined Radio [SDR]

Reconfigurable Radio System

Courtesy : NICT

SDR – History • „Software Radio' was coined in 1984 by a team at the Garland Texas Division of E-Systems Inc. (now Raytheon), • "Software Defined Radio" was coined in 1991 by Joseph Mitola • First public software radio initiatives was a U.S. military project named SpeakEasy

Software Radio in Tiers Tier 3 : Ideal Software Radio •Programmability extended to RF section Tier 2 : Software Defined Radio

•employs software to control various modulation techniques Tier 1 : Software Controlled Radio •Require multiple hardware transceivers •Software controls to choose transceiver Tier 0 : Hardware Radio • No software changes

What is Software Defined Radio(SDR)? • SDR transforms radio hardware problems to software problems • Goal is to have software and algorithms “as close” to antenna as possible • The software, instead of hardware, defines the transmitted waveforms and demodulates the received waveforms. • Basically,

New broadband SDR • Generic hardware – “commerical-of-the-self” (COTS) • Unlimited flexibility and completely programmable • Highly reusable software code for new and reconfigured radio systems • Low analog complexity & less sensitive for RF interference • Analog power, size and weight is constant and independent of number of channels

Broadband Software Defined Radio

SDR Characteristics • Flexibility • Reconfigurable and Adaptable : reconfigurable and/or specially designed radio solutions which is impractical with traditional HDR technology

• Recyclable : Algorithms can easily be recycled and integrated in different configurations for new radio-applications which speed up new implementation

• Bridge between theory and practice : ▫ New algorithms and systems can much more easily be tested and evaluated in real radio systems rather than with simulations only. ▫ Very usable as an experiment platform

• Reconfigurable radio with SDR is therefore gradually replacing traditional HDR in many wireless system(like LTE)

New technologies exploiting flexibility in SDR • • • • •

Reconfigurable Radio Systems(RRS) and Flexible Radio Cognitive Radio(CR) & Dynamic Spectrum Access(DSA) Decentralized, dynamic and dependable radio systems Non Standardized ad-hoc systems Over-the-air(OTA) Radio– Share radio functionality (software) through the air • Software Communication Architecture(SCA) – SDR open architecture framework for h/w & s/w • t Tactical Radio System(JTRS) – next generation speech-and-data radio for military purpose

SDR – Pros and Cons • Pros ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫

various modulation methods using a common set of hardware Elimination of analog hardware and its cost Ability to alter functionality just by software possibility of adaptively choosing best suited operating frequency

• Cons ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫

difficulty of writing software for various target systems Security Initial cost Power consumption

SDR – Challenges • To achieve same efficiency as of purely hardware solution • Dynamically handle the broad range of spectrum • Providing best efficient technology of radio without involvement of • Make network protocols adaptive to available spectrum • Security

Our Research Focus

Proposals • • • •

Systematic study of Adaptability SDR based system for heterogeneous networks Remote Physical layer configuration Plug-n-Play architecture for GNU Radio

Expectation from Collaboration • Guidance with respect to choosing projects, direction of work • Suggestions from „pure‟ wireless communication perspective • Output in of publications/patents

Email-id : [email protected]