Power Electronics 4z215p

ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI D INSTITUTIONS

R - 2009 CURRICULUM I SEMESTER (FULL TIME) M.E. POWER ELECTRONICS AND DRIVES SEMESTER I SL. COURSE No CODE THEORY MA9216 1. 2. PE9211 3. PE9212 4. PE9213 5. PE9214 6. E1

COURSE TITLE

Applied Mathematics for Electrical Engineers Analysis of Electrical Machines Analysis of Power Converters Analysis of Inverters Electromagnetic Field Computation and Modelling Elective – I TOTAL

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ELECTIVES FOR M.E. POWER ELECTRONICS AND DRIVES SEMESTER I SL. No 1. 2. 3.

COURSE CODE PS9214 PE9251 PE9252

COURSE TITLE System Theory Control System design Advanced power semiconductor devices

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MA 9216

APPLIED MATHEMATICS FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS

LTPC 31 04

UNIT I ADVANCED MATRIX THEORY 12 Eigen-values using QR transformations – Generalized eigen vectors – Canonical forms – Singular value decomposition and applications – Pseudo inverse – Least square approximations. UNIT II LINEAR PROGRAMMING 12 Formulation – Graphical Solution – Simplex Method – Two Phase Method – Transportation and Assignment Problems. UNIT III ONE DIMENSIONAL RANDOM VARIABLES 12 Random variables - Probability function – moments – moment generating functions and their properties – Binomial, Poisson, Geometric, Uniform, Exponential, Gamma and Normal distributions – Function of a Random Variable. UNIT IV QUEUEING MODELS 12 Poisson Process – Markovian queues – Single and Multi Serve r Models – Little’s formula – Machine Interference Model – Steady State analysis – Self Service queue. UNIT V COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING 12 Boundary value problems for ODE – Finite difference methods – Numerical solution of PDE – Solution of Laplace and Poisson equations – Liebmann's iteration process – Solution of heat conduction equation by Schmidt explicit formula and Crank-Nicolson implicit scheme – Solution of wave equation. L +T: 45+15 = 60 PERIODS REFERENCES 1. Bronson, R., Matrix Operation, Schaum’s outline series, McGraw Hill, New York, (1989). 2. Taha, H. A.,Operations Research: An Introduction, Seventh Edition, Pearson Education Edition, Asia, New Delhi (2002). 3. R. E. Walpole, R. H. Myers, S. L. Myers, and K. Ye, Probability and Statistics for Engineers & Scientists, Asia, 8th Edition, (2007). 4. Donald Gross and Carl M. Harris, Fundamentals of Queueing theory, 2nd edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1985). 5. Grewal, B.S., Numerical methods in Engineering and Science, 7th edition, Khanna Publishers, 200

PE 9211

ANALYSIS OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES

LTPC 30 03

UNIT I PRINCIPLES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY CONVERSION 9 General expression of stored magnetic energy, co-energy and force/ torque – example using single and doubly excited system –Calculation of air gap mmf and per phase machine inductance using physical machine data.

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UNIT II REFERENCE FRAME THEORY 9 Static and rotating reference frames – transformation of variables – reference frames – transformation between reference frames – transformation of a balanced set –balanced steady state phasor and voltage equations – variables observed from several frames of reference. UNIT III DC MACHINES 9 Voltage and toque equations – dynamic characteristics of permanent magnet and shunt DC motors – state equations - solution of dynamic characteristic by Laplace transformation. UNIT IV INDUCTION MACHINES 9 Voltage and toque equations – transformation for rotor circuits – voltage and toque equations in reference frame variables – analysis of steady state operation – free acceleration characteristics – dynamic performance for load and torque variations – dynamic performance for three phase fault – computer simulation in arbitrary reference frame. UNIT V SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES 9 Voltage and Torque Equation – voltage Equation in arbitrary reference frame and rotor reference frame – Park equations - rotor angle and angle between rotor – steady state analysis – dynamic performances for torque variations- dynamic performance for three phase fault – transient stability limit – critical clearing time – computer simulation. TOTAL : 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Paul C.Krause, OlegWasyzczuk, Scott S, Sudhoff, “Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems”, IEEE Press, Second Edition. 2. R.Krishnan, “Electric Motor Drives, Modeling, Analysis and Control” , Prentice Hall of India, 2002. REFERENCES 1. Samuel Seely, “ Eletomechanical Energy Conversion”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company, 2. A.E, Fitzgerald, Charles Kingsley, Jr, and Stephan D, Umanx, “ Electric Machinery”, Tata McGraw Hill, 5th Edition, 1992

PE 9212

ANALYSIS OF POWER CONVERTERS

LTPC 300 3

UNIT I SINGLE PHASE AC-DC CONVERTER 12 Static Characteristics of power diode, SCR and GTO, half controlled and fully controlled converters with R-L, R-L-E loads and free wheeling diodes – continuous and discontinuous modes of operation - inverter operation – Dual converter - Sequence control of converters – performance parameters: harmonics, ripple, distortion, power factor – effect of source impedance and overlap-reactive power and power balance in converter circuits

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UNIT II

THREE PHASE AC-DC CONVERTER

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Semi and fully controlled converter with R, R-L, R-L-E - loads and free wheeling diodes – inverter operation and its limit – dual converter– performance parameters – effect of source impedance and over lap – 12 pulse converter. UNIT III

DC-DC CONVERTERS

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Principles of step-down and step-up converters – Analysis of buck, boost, buck-boost and Cuk converters – time ratio and current limit control – Full bridge converter – Resonant and quasi – resonant converters. UNIT IV

AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLERS

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Static Characteristics of TRIAC- Principle of phase control: single phase and three phase controllers – various configurations – analysis with R and R-L loads. UNIT V CYCLOCONVERTERS 6 Principle of operation – Single phase and three phase cycloconverters – power factor Control-Forced commutated cycloconverters. TOTAL : 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Ned Mohan, Undeland and Robbin, “Power Electronics: converters, Application and design” John Wiley and sons.Inc, Newyork, 1995. 2. Rashid M.H., “Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Applications ", Prentice Hal India, New Delhi, 1995. 3. Cyril W.Lander, “power electronics”, Third Edition McGraw hill-1993 REFERENCES: 1. P.C Sen.," Modern Power Electronics ", Wheeler publishing Co, First Edition, New Delhi-1998. 2. P.S.Bimbra, “Power Electronics”, Khanna Publishers, Eleventh Edition, 2003. power electronics by vedam subramanyam.

PE 9213

UNIT I

ANALYSIS OF INVERTERS

SINGLE PHASE INVERTERS

LTPC 3 003 12

Introduction to self commutated switches : MOSFET and IGBT - Principle of operation of half and full bridge inverters – Performance parameters – Voltage control of single phase inverters using various PWM techniques – various harmonic elimination techniques – forced commutated Thyristor inverters. UNIT II

THREE PHASE VOLTAGE SOURCE INVERTERS

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180 degree and 120 degree conduction mode inverters with star and delta connected loads – voltage control of three phase inverters: single, multi pulse, sinusoidal, space vector modulation techniques.

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UNIT III

CURRENT SOURCE INVERTERS

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Operation of six-step thyristor inverter – inverter operation modes – load – commutated inverters – Auto sequential current source inverter (ASCI) – current pulsations – comparison of current source inverter and voltage source inverters UNIT IV

MULTILEVEL INVERTERS

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Multilevel concept – diode clamped – flying capacitor – cascade type multilevel inverters - Comparison of multilevel inverters - application of multilevel inverters UNIT V

RESONANT INVERTERS

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Series and parallel resonant inverters - voltage control of resonant inverters – Class E resonant inverter – resonant DC – link inverters. TOTAL : 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Rashid M.H., “Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Applications ", Prentice Hall India, Third Edition, New Delhi, 2004. 2. Jai P.Agrawal, “Power Electronics Systems”, Pearson Education, Second Edition, 2002. 3. Bimal K.Bose “Modern Power Electronics and AC Drives”, Pearson Education, Second Edition, 2003. 4. Ned Mohan,Undeland and Robbin, “Power Electronics: converters, Application and design” John Wiley and sons.Inc,Newyork,1995. 5. Philip T. krein, “Elements of Power Electronics” Oxford University Press -1998. REFERENCES 1. P.C. Sen, “Modern Power Electronics”, Wheeler Publishing Co, First Edition, New Delhi, 1998. 2. P.S.Bimbra, “Power Electronics”, Khanna Publishers, Eleventh Edition, 2003.

PE 9214

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD COMPUTATION AND MODELLING

LTPC 31 04

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 12 Review of basic field theory – electric and magnetic fields – Maxwell’s equations – Laplace, Poisson and Helmoltz equations – principle of energy conversion – force/torque calculation – Electro thermal formulation. UNIT II SOLUTION OF FIELD EQUATIONS I 12 Limitations of the conventional design procedure, need for the field analysis based design, problem definition , solution by analytical methods-direct integration method – variable separable method – method of images, solution by numerical methods- Finite Difference Method.

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UNIT III SOLUTION OF FIELD EQUATIONS II 12 Finite element method (FEM) – Differential/ integral functions – Variational method – Energy minimization – Discretisation – Shape functions –Stiffness matrix –1D and 2D planar and axial symmetry problem. UNIT IV FIELD COMPUTATION FOR BASIC CONFIGURATIONS 12 Computation of electric and magnetic field intensities– Capacitance and Inductance – Force, Torque, Energy for basic configurations. UNIT V DESIGN APPLICATIONS 12 Insulators- Bushings – Cylindrical magnetic actuators – Transformers – Rotating machines. L=45: T=15 TOTAL = 60 PERIODS REFERENCES 1. K.J.Binns, P.J.Lawrenson, C.W Trowbridge, “The analytical and numerical solution of Electric and magnetic fields”, John Wiley & Sons, 1993. 2. Nathan Ida, Joao P.A.Bastos , “Electromagnetics and calculation of fields”, SpringerVerlage, 1992. 3. Nicola Biyanchi , “Electrical Machine analysis using Finite Elements”, Taylor and Francis Group, CRC Publishers, 2005. 4. S.J Salon, “Finite Element Analysis of Electrical Machines.” Kluwer Academic Publishers, London, 1995, distributed by TBH Publishers & Distributors, Chennai, India 5. manuals of MAGNET, MAXWELL & ANSYS software. 6. Silvester and Ferrari, “Finite Elements for Electrical Engineers” Cambridge University press, 1983.

PS 9214

SYSTEM THEORY

LTPC 3 0 03

UNIT I STATE VARIABLE REPRESENTATION 9 Introduction-Concept of State-State equation for Dynamic Systems-Time invariance and linearity-Nonuniqueness of state model-State Diagrams-Physical System and State Assignment. UNIT II SOLUTION OF STATE EQUATION 9 Existence and uniqueness of solutions to Continuous-time state equations-Solution of Nonlinear and Linear Time Varying State equations-Evaluation of matrix exponentialSystem modes-Role of Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. UNIT III CONTROLLABILITY AND OBSERVABILITY 9 Controllability and Observability-Stabilizability and Delectability-Test for Continuous time Systems- Time varying and Time invariant case-Output Controllability-ReducibilitySystem Realizations.

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UNIT IV STABILTY 9 Introduction-Equilibrium Points-Stability in the sense of Lyapunov-BIBO Stability-Stability of LTI Systems-Equilibrium Stability of Nonlinear Continuous Time Autonomous Systems-The Direct Method of Lyapunov and the Linear Continuous-Time Autonomous Systems-Finding Lyapunov Functions for Nonlinear Continuous Time Autonomous Systems-Krasovskii and Variable-Gradiant Method. UNIT V MODAL CONTROL 9 Introduction-Controllable and Observable Companion Forms-SISO and MIMO SystemsThe Effect of State on Controllability and Observability-Pole Placement by State for both SISO and MIMO Systems-Full Order and Reduced Order Observers. TOTAL : 45 PERIODS REFERENCES: 1. M. Gopal, “Modern Control System Theory”, New Age International, 2005. 2. K. Ogatta, “Modern Control Engineering”, PHI, 2002. 3. John S. Bay, “Fundamentals of Linear State Space Systems”, McGraw-Hill, 1999. 4. D. Roy Choudhury, “Modern Control Systems”, New Age International, 2005. 5. John J. D’Azzo, C. H. Houpis and S. N. Sheldon, “Linear Control System Analysis and Design with MATLAB”, Taylor Francis, 2003. 6. Z. Bubnicki, ”Modern Control Theory”, Springer, 2005.

PE9251

CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN

LTPC 30 03

UNIT I CONVENTIONAL DESIGN METHODS 9 Design specifications- PID controllers and compensators- Root locus based designBode based design-Design examples UNIT II DESIGN IN DISCRETE DOMAIN 9 Sample and Hold-Digital equivalents-Impulse and step invariant transformationsMethods of discretisation-Effect of sampling- Direct discrete design – discrete root locus Design examples UNIT III OPTIMAL CONTROL 9 Formation of optimal control problems-results of Calculus of variations- Hamiltonian formulation-solution of optimal control problems- Evaluation of Riccati’s equation State and output Regulator problems-Design examples UNIT IV DISCRETE STATE VARIABLE DESIGN 9 Discrete pole placement- state and output -estimated state -discrete optimal control- dynamic programming-Design examples UNIT V STATE ESTIMATION 9 State Estimation Problem -State estimation- Luenberger’s observer-noise characteristics- Kalman-Bucy filter-Separation Theorem-Controller Design-Wiener filterDesign examples. TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

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REFERENCES 1. M. Gopal “Modern control system Theory” New Age International, 2005. 2. Benjamin C. Kuo “Digital control systems”, Oxford University Press, 2004. 3. G. F. Franklin, J. D. Powell and A. E. Naeini “ Control of Dynamic Systems”, PHI (Pearson), 2002. 4. Graham C. Goodwin, Stefan F. Graebe and Mario E. Salgado “Control system Design”, PHI (Pearson), 2003. 5. G. F. Franklin, J. D. Powell and M Workman, “Digital Control of Dynamic Systems”, PHI (Pearson), 2002. 6. B.D.O. Anderson and J.B. Moore., ‘Optimal Filtering’, Prentice hall Inc., N.J., 1979. 7. Loan D. Landau, Gianluca Zito,” Digital Control Systems, Design, Identification and Implementation”, Springer, 2006.

PE 9252 UNIT I

ADVANCED POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES INTRODUCTION

LTPC 300 3 9

Power switching devices overview – Attributes of an ideal switch, application requirements, circuit symbols; Power handling capability – (SOA); Device selection strategy – On-state and switching losses – EMI due to switching - Power diodes Types, forward and reverse characteristics, switching characteristics – rating. UNIT II

CURRENT CONTROLLED DEVICES

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BJT’s – Construction, static characteristics, switching characteristics; Negative temperature co-efficient and secondary breakdown; Power darlington - Thyristors – Physical and electrical principle underlying operating mode, Two transistor analogy – concept of latching; Gate and switching characteristics; converter grade and inverter grade and other types; series and parallel operation; comparison of BJT and Thyristor – steady state and dynamic models of BJT & Thyristor. UNIT III

VOLTAGE CONTROLLED DEVICES

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Power MOSFETs and IGBTs – Principle of voltage controlled devices, construction, types, static and switching characteristics, steady state and dynamic models of MOSFET and IGBTs - Basics of GTO, MCT, FCT, RCT and IGCT. UNIT IV

FIRING AND PROTECTING CIRCUITS

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Necessity of isolation, pulse transformer, optocoupler – Gate drives circuit: SCR, MOSFET, IGBTs and base driving for power BJT. - Over voltage, over current and gate protections; Design of snubbers. UNIT V

THERMAL PROTECTION

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Heat transfer – conduction, convection and radiation; Cooling – liquid cooling, vapour – phase cooling; Guidance for hear sink selection – Thermal resistance and impedance Electrical analogy of thermal components, heat sink types and design – Mounting types. TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

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TsEXT BOOKS 1. B.W Williams ‘Power Electronics Circuit Devices and Applications’. 2. Rashid M.H., " Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Applications ", Prentice Hall India, Third Edition, New Delhi, 2004. REFERENCES 1. MD Singh and K.B Khanchandani, “Power Electronics”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2001. 2. Mohan, Undcland and Robins, “Power Electronics – Concepts, applications and Design, John Wiley and Sons, Singapore, 2000.

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