Poetry Terminology Power Point.ppt 6d6333

Bell Ringer: March 5, 2013 Tell me as much as you can about poetry. Think of poems you know, what kind of poems there are, and poetry terminology.

POETRY

POETRY  A type of literature

that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form (usually using lines and stanzas)

POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY POET  The poet is the author

of the poem.

SPEAKER  The speaker of the

poem is the “narrator” of the poem.

Smart

by Shel Silverstein

My dad gave me one dollar bill 'Cause I'm his smartest son, And I swapped it for two shiny quarters 'Cause two is more than one!

And then I took the quarters And traded them to Lou For three dimes -- I guess he don't know That three is more than two! Just then, along came old blind Bates And just 'cause he can't see He gave me four nickels for my three dimes, And four is more than three! And I took the nickels to Hiram Coombs Down at the seed-feed store, And the fool gave me five pennies for them, And five is more than four! And then I went and showed my dad, And he got red in the cheeks And closed his eyes and shook his head-Too proud of me to speak!

POETRY FORM  FORM - the

appearance of the words on the page  LINE - a group of words together on one line of the poem  STANZA - a group of

lines arranged together

A word is dead When it is said, Some say. I say it just Begins to live That day.

KINDS OF STANZAS Couplet Triplet (Tercet) Quatrain Quintet Sestet (Sextet) Septet Octave

= = = = = = =

a two line stanza a three line stanza a four line stanza a five line stanza a six line stanza a seven line stanza an eight line stanza

SOUND EFFECTS

RHYTHM  The beat created by

the sounds of the words in a poem  Rhythm can be created

by meter, rhyme, alliteration and refrain.

FREE VERSE POETRY  Unlike metered

poetry, free verse poetry does NOT have any repeating patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables.  Does NOT have rhyme.

 Free verse poetry is

very conversational sounds like someone talking with you.  A more modern type

of poetry.

RHYME  Words sound alike

because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds.

 (A word always

rhymes with itself.)

LAMP STAMP  Share the short “a”

vowel sound  Share the combined “mp” consonant sound

END RHYME  A word at the end of one line rhymes with a

word at the end of another line Hector the Collector Collected bits of string. Collected dolls with broken heads And rusty bells that would not ring.

INTERNAL RHYME  A word inside a line rhymes with another

word on the same line or another word at the end of a line. Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary. From “The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe

RHYME SCHEME  A rhyme scheme is a pattern of rhyme (usually

end rhyme, but not always).

 Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds

to be able to visually “see” the pattern. (See next slide for an example.)

SAMPLE RHYME SCHEME The Germ by Ogden Nash A mighty creature is the germ, Though smaller than the pachyderm. His customary dwelling place Is deep within the human race. His childish pride he often pleases By giving people strange diseases. Do you, my poppet, feel infirm? You probably contain a germ.

a a b b c c a a

ONOMATOPOEIA  Words that imitate the sound they are

naming BUZZ  OR sounds that imitate another sound

ALLITERATION  Consonant sounds repeated at the

beginnings of words If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick?

REFRAIN  A sound, word, phrase

or line repeated regularly in a poem.

“Quoth the raven, ‘Nevermore.’”

SOME TYPES OF POETRY WE WILL BE STUDYING

LYRIC  A short poem  Usually written in first person point of view  Expresses an emotion or an idea or

describes a scene  Do not tell a story and are often musical  (Many of the poems we read will be lyrics.)

HAIKU A Japanese poem written in three lines Five Syllables Seven Syllables Five Syllables

An old silent pond . . . A frog jumps into the pond. Splash! Silence again.

NARRATIVE POEMS  A poem that tells a

story.  Generally longer than the lyric styles of poetry b/c the poet needs to establish characters and a plot.

Examples of Narrative Poems “The Raven” “The Highwayman” “Casey at the Bat” “The Walrus and the Carpenter”

CONCRETE POEMS  In concrete poems, the

words are arranged to create a picture that relates to the content of the poem.

Poetry Is like Flames, Which are Swift and elusive Dodging realization Sparks, like words on the Paper, leap and dance in the Flickering firelight. The fiery Tongues, formless and shifting Shapes, tease the imiagination. Yet for those who see, Through their mind’s Eye, they burn Up the page.

Limerick  The rhyme

 There once was a clover

named Kate, pattern is a a b b a  with lines 1, 2 Who sat on the edge of a and 5 containing plate, 3 beats and rhyming, and  lines 3 and 4 The fancy folk dined, having two beats On foods of all kind, and rhyming.  Then tossed her at quarter past eight.

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

SIMILE  A comparison of two things using “like, as

than,” or “resembles.”  “She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”

METAPHOR  An indirect comparison of two unlike things  “All the world’s a stage, and we are merely

players.” - William Shakespeare

Hyperbole  Exaggeration often used for emphasis.  It is going to take a bazillion years to get

through Medical School.  I ate the whole cow.  He's 900 years old.  I am so hungry I could eat a horse.

PERSONIFICATION  An animal

given humanlike qualities or an object given life-like qualities.

from “Ninki” by Shirley Jackson “Ninki was by this time irritated beyond belief by the general air of incompetence exhibited in the kitchen, and she went into the living room and got Shax, who is extraordinarily lazy and never catches his own chipmunks, but who is, at least, a cat, and preferable,

OTHER POETIC DEVICES

SYMBOLISM  When a person, place,

thing, or event that has meaning in itself also represents, or stands for, something else.

=

Innocence

=

America

=

Peace

Tone is the AUTHOR’S attitude

towards the audience, the subject, or the character You can recognize the tone/attitude by the language/word choices the author uses. His language will reveal his perspective/opinion (that is, whether it is positive/negative) about the subject.

DESCRIBING TONE

Adjectives are used to describe tone Have a healthy “tone vocabulary” Consider some words that describe

tone. – Sarcastic, sincere, embarrassed, proud or frightened

The key to choosing the correct tone

is to carefully consider the author’s word choice.

Mood is the overall

atmosphere of a piece of literature The mood is created by the setting, the characters, and their actions

Mood Identifying the mood of a piece of writing will depend on the number of descriptive words you know to answer the question: How did this paragraph, this age, this story make the character or make you feel?

What is the mood of this picture?

Mood: Example During the holidays, my mother's house glittered with decorations and hummed with preparations. We ate cookies and drank cider while we helped her wrap bright packages and trim the tree. We felt warm and excited, listening to Christmas carols and even singing along sometimes. We would tease each other about our terrible voices and then sing even louder. Mood: Evidence: