Copy Of Origin Of Society 2e1x18

SOCIALISATION Meaning:  Infant- Biological organism with animal needs  Gradually moulded into social being  Process of moulding- Socialisation DEFINITION : Ogburn- “Socialisation”- process to learn norms- To conform to norms

PHASES OF SOCIALISATION 1. Primary Socialization  In infancy,childhood  Three sub-stages i) Oral stage- Feeding time ii) Anal stage- Toilet training

iii) Oedinal stage- Identifies with social roles 2. Secondary Socialization  

Latter stage of childhood It is continuous process

3. Anticipatory Socialisation   4.   5.   

Learning future roles Watching others, how they behave Development Socialization When one grows, he changes and moulds Identifies with society, values, norms Re-Socialization Learns new ways of thinking,feeling Where one converts into another religion Re-socialisation occurs

ELEMENTS OF SOCIALISATION 1. Physical and psychological heritage of individual  Inborn physical and mental capacities  If defective- cannot socialise himself 2. Environment in which he lives  Environment influences socialisation  Good school, social equality,proper environment 3. The culture of the group  Culture of his group influence  Early or slow socialisation 4. Experience of the individual  Experience of individual  Influence socialisation process

FACTORS OF THE PROCESS OF SOCIALISATION 1. Imitation  

Children imitate others Language acquired by imitation

2. Suggestion  

Process of communicaing information Suggestion influences behaviour

3. Identification 

Through identification,he becomes sociable

4. Language 

By language- one learns folkways,mores

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SOCIALISATION,SOCIALITY,SOCIALISM socialisation- inducing individual into social world Sociality- a quality Socialism- a theory-mass of production controlled by state NEED OR IMPORTANCE OR VALUE OF SOCIALISATION  Individual learns folkways ,mores  Self of individual develops  It teaches culture CHIEF AGENCIES OF SOCIALISATION 1. FAMILY    

Child initiated Learns toilet training Learns language Teaches norms,regulation

2. THE SCHOOL  

For socialising children To obey rules, regulations

THE PEER GROUP OR FRIENDS,PLAYGROUP OR NEIGHBOURHOOD Play mates,friends-same social position 1. Religion (The church)  

To mould beliefs,ways of life To learn religions practises

2. The state   

It makes laws for people Lays down modes of conduct Punishments for violation of laws

3. Mass media 

Radio,t.v.,influence entire society

THEORIES OF SOCIALISATION  Development of self-soul of socialsation  What he precieves himself

1.

Theories of socialsation  

Development of self –soul of socialisation What he percieves himself

2. cooley’s theory(theory of looking glass self)  

Our perception of how we look to others How others evaluate our behaviour

3. Theory of durkheim( collective representation theory)   

Beliefs,ideas,feelings,concepts shared by all Durkheim called it collective conciousness Socialisation influenced by collective representation

4. Head’s theory(self-conciousness theory)     

Me formed by socialisation Me- internalised socialisation I- unsocialised side of self Development of self-both “I” and me Role taking process

FRAUD  Id,ego,super ego  ID- institutional, unsocialised

EGO  It acts with reason  It discovers what is right, what is wrong  Action of individual guided by ego

SUPER EGO          

It represents ideals,norms Moral aspect of personality It controls both id and ego When conflict between the two it s ego Id- biological Ego- psychological Super ego- social factors If id is strong Ego weak One becomes delinquent