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CELTA Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages
Syllabus and Assessment Guidelines
CELTA (Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) is regulated by Ofqual (the regulator of qualifications, examinations and assessments in England) at level 5 on the Qualifications and Credit Framework. Cambridge English Language Assessment is part of the University of Cambridge. We develop and produce the most valuable range of qualifications for learners and teachers of English in the world. Over 5 million people take Cambridge English exams each year in more than 130 countries. Around the world over 20,000 universities, employers, government ministries and other organisations accept our certificates. Cambridge English Language Assessment – a not-for-profit organisation. All details are correct at the time of going to print in June 2015.
Cambridge English Language Assessment 1 Hills Road Cambridge CB1 2EU United Kingdom www.cambridgeenglish.org/helpdesk
www.cambridgeenglish.org/celta
© UCLES 2015 | CE/2872/5Y06
Fourth Edition
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Contents
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Syllabus overview..........................................................................................................................................................................................................
4
Topic descriptions.........................................................................................................................................................................................................
6
Topic 1 Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context........................................................................................... 6 Topic 2 Language analysis and awareness............................................................................................................................................... 7 Topic 3 Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing...................................................................................................... 8 Topic 4 Planning and resources for different teaching contexts........................................................................................................ 10 Topic 5 Developing teaching skills and professionalism...................................................................................................................... 11 Course requirements and components of assessment...................................................................................................................................... 13 The two components of assessment.......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Certificate grades.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 13 Component One: Planning and teaching................................................................................................................................................................ 15 Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments.............................................................................................................................. 17
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Introduction – Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (CELTA) Target candidature The Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (CELTA) is an introductory course for candidates who have little or no previous English language teaching experience. It may also be suitable for candidates with some experience but little previous training.
Course aims The course enables candidates to: • • •
acquire essential subject knowledge and familiarity with the principles of effective teaching acquire a range of practical skills for teaching English to adult learners demonstrate their ability to apply their learning in a real teaching context.
Candidates who complete the course successfully can begin working in a variety of ESOL teaching contexts around the world.
Syllabus overview This document outlines the syllabus and assessment criteria for CELTA. The following syllabus is a reflection of the pre-service entry point of prospective candidates and outlines both the subject knowledge and the pedagogic knowledge and skills required for beginner ESOL teachers. The syllabus consists of five specific topic areas: • • • • •
Topic 1 Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context Topic 2 Language analysis and awareness Topic 3 Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing Topic 4 Planning and resources for different teaching contexts Topic 5 Developing teaching skills and professionalism.
Assessment overview CELTA is awarded to candidates who have completed the course and who have met the assessment criteria for all written and practical assignments. The overall assessment aims for each topic are that candidates should be able to: 1. assess learner needs, and plan and teach lessons which take of learners’ backgrounds, learning preferences and current needs 2. demonstrate language knowledge and awareness and appropriate teaching strategies 3. demonstrate knowledge about language skills and how they may be acquired 4. plan and prepare lessons designed to develop their learners’ overall language competence 5. demonstrate an appropriate range of teaching skills at this level and show professional awareness and responsibility.
Assessment framework There are two components, Component One: Planning and teaching and Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments (of which there are four in total). CELTA is internally assessed and externally moderated by a Cambridge English approved assessor, who samples portfolios and teaching practice and who discusses and agrees the grades for all candidates.
2
INTRODUCTION
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Table 1 outlines the relationship of the assessment aims to the assessed work:
✔
indicates a main assessment area
indicates a secondary assessment area.
Table 1 Assessment grid Component One: Planning and teaching
Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments
Aim
Lesson Plans
Teaching
Assignment 1
1
✔
✔
✔
2
✔
✔
3
✔
✔
4
✔
✔
✔
5
✔
✔
✔
Assignment 2
Assignment 3
Assignment 4
✔ ✔
Table 2 Summary of the primary assessment tasks for each topic Topics
Assessment
1. Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context
Planning and teaching Written assignment 1
2. Language analysis and awareness
Planning and teaching Written assignment 2
3. Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing
Planning and teaching Written assignment 3
4. Planning and resources for different teaching contexts
Planning and teaching Written assignment 4
5. Developing teaching skills and professionalism
Planning and teaching Written assignment 4
Cambridge English reserves the right to request samples of any work during and up to six months after the course.
Course programmes Certificate course programmes are designed by individual centres using the syllabus and course objectives. Courses will have a minimum of 120 hours including: • • • • • • •
input supervised lesson planning teaching practice (six assessed hours) on teaching peer observation observation of experienced teachers (minimum six hours) consultation time.
Candidates will need to dedicate a minimum of 80 hours for the required reading, research, pre- and post-session tasks, assignments and lesson preparation.
INTRODUCTION 3
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Syllabus overview
Topic 1 – Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context 1.1
Cultural, linguistic and educational backgrounds
1.2
Motivations for learning English as an adult
1.3
Learning and teaching styles
1.4
Context for learning and teaching English
1.5
Varieties of English
1.6
Multilingualism and the role of first languages
Topic 2 – Language analysis and awareness 2.1
Basic concepts and terminology used in ELT for describing form and meaning in language and language use
2.2
Grammar – grammatical frameworks: rules and conventions relating to words, sentences, paragraphs and texts
2.3
Lexis: word formation, meaning and use in context
2.4
Phonology: the formation and description of English phonemes; features of connected speech
2.5
The practical significance of similarities and differences between languages
2.6
Reference materials for language awareness
2.7
Key strategies and approaches for developing learners’ language knowledge
Topic 3 – Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing 3.1 Reading 3.1.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing reading skills
3.1.2 Purposes of reading 3.1.3 Decoding meaning 3.1.4 Potential barriers to reading 3.2 Listening 3.2.1 Basic concepts and terminology used for describing listening skills 3.2.2 Purposes of listening 3.2.3 Features of listening texts 3.2.4 Potential barriers to listening 3.3 Speaking 3.3.1 Basic concepts and terminology used for describing speaking skills 3.3.2 Features of spoken English 3.3.3 Language functions 3.3.4 Paralinguistic features 3.3.5 Phonemic systems 3.4 Writing 3.4.1 Basic concepts and terminology used for describing writing skills 3.4.2 Subskills and features of written texts 3.4.3 Stages of teaching writing 3.4.4 Beginner literacy 3.4.5 English spelling and punctuation 3.5
4
Key strategies and approaches for developing learners’ receptive and productive skills
SYLLABUS OVERVIEW
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic 4 – Planning and resources for different teaching contexts 4.1
Principles of planning for effective teaching of adult learners of English
4.2
Lesson planning for effective teaching of adult learners of English
4.3
Evaluation of lesson planning
4.4
The selection, adaptation and evaluation of materials and resources in planning (including computer and other technology based resources)
4.5
Knowledge of commercially produced resources and non-published materials and classroom resources for teaching English to adults
Topic 5 – Developing teaching skills and professionalism 5.1
The effective organisation of the classroom
5.2
Classroom presence and control
5.3
Teacher and learner language
5.4
The use of teaching materials and resources
5.5
Practical skills for teaching at a range of levels
5.6
The monitoring and evaluation of adult learners
5.7
Evaluation of the teaching/learning process
5.8
Professional development: responsibilities
5.9
Professional development: systems
SYLLABUS OVERVIEW
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic descriptions TOPIC 1 – Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
1.1
Cultural, linguistic and educational backgrounds
understand the range of backgrounds and experiences that adult learners bring to their classes
Teaching practice: planning and teaching
1.2
Motivations for learning English as an adult
a. understand the different motivations and expectations that adults bring to learning English
Assignment: Focus on the learner
b. identify ways in which personal factors may affect language learning c. make practical use of this knowledge and understanding to plan and teach with sensitivity d. develop and maintain motivation, identify and respond to expectations
1.3
Learning and teaching styles
a. demonstrate an awareness of the different learning styles and preferences that adults bring to learning English b. demonstrate an awareness of the different roles teachers may adopt at different stages of teaching and in different teaching/learning contexts c. make practical use of this awareness in planning and teaching
1.4
Context for learning and teaching English
a. understand in broad the context in which teaching is taking place with special reference to the learners, the physical surroundings and the availability of resources b. understand the broad range of learning needs including the needs of learners with learning difficulties and/or disabilities c. make practical use of this understanding in adapting teaching to contexts and learners’ needs
1.5
Varieties of English
a. understand the main ways that varieties of English differ from one another b. demonstrate awareness of the need for teachers and learners to make informed choices about language models for teaching and learning c. make practical use of this knowledge and awareness in planning and teaching
1.6
Multilingualism and the role of first languages
Topic 1 assessment Key assignment See Focus on the learner on page 17.
Key teaching practice criteria See page 15 for criterion 4a and criteria 1a–c.
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TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 1
understand the kinds of language backgrounds that learners may come from (e.g. multilingual/monolingual; standard/non-standard) and how a learner’s language background might influence the learning of English
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic descriptions TOPIC 2 – Language analysis and awareness Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
2.1
2.2
Basic concepts and terminology used in ELT to discuss language form and use
understand key terminology used in ELT to talk about language and apply this terminology to planning and teaching
Grammar
a. understand a range of the rules and conventions relating to words, sentences, paragraphs and texts
Assignment: Language related tasks Language analysis for teaching
Grammar – Grammatical frameworks: rules and b. demonstrate a basic working knowledge of how the conventions relating to words, verb phrase and the noun phrase are formed and used sentences, paragraphs and in English, for example: texts –– tense and aspect –– voice –– modality, including the expression of hypothetical meaning –– finite and non-finite forms –– the adverbial element –– countability
2.3
Lexis Word formation, meaning and use in context
a. understand basic principles of word formation and lexical meaning, for example: –– meaning and definition –– pronunciation –– spelling –– affixation and compounding –– synonomy and hyponymy b. understand the effect on word choice of factors such as: –– co-text (e.g. collocation) –– context of situation (style)
2.4
Phonology The formation and description of English phonemes Features of connected speech
a. demonstrate a working knowledge of the sounds of English b. understand some features of connected speech, for example: –– –– –– ––
linking assimilation and elision word and sentence stress intonation patterns
2.5
The practical significance of similarities and differences between languages
identify some significant differences between their own language and a foreign language, and demonstrate in practice their understanding of the relevance of some of these differences for the teacher and learner
Assignment: Focus on the learner
2.6
Reference materials for language awareness
use a range of reference material to analyse and describe language for teaching purposes
Assignment: Language related tasks
2.7
Key strategies and approaches for developing learners’ language knowledge
use strategies, approaches and techniques to develop learners’ language knowledge, for example inductive and deductive presentations
Teaching practice
Topic 2 assessment Key assignment See Language related tasks on page 17.
Key teaching practice criteria See pages 15 and 16 for criteria 4a–c, 4i–k and 2a–2g.
TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 2
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic descriptions TOPIC 3 – Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
3.1
Reading
3.1.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing reading skills
understand basic concepts and terminology used for describing reading skills, and apply this to planning and teaching
3.1.2
Purposes of reading
understand how approaches to reading texts vary depending on the purpose of reading, and make practical use of this in teaching
3.1.3
Decoding meaning
identify some of the features which help learners decode meanings of words, sentences and whole texts, and make practical use of this in teaching
3.1.4
Potential barriers to reading
a. identify some of the difficulties learners may face when trying to understand texts
Teaching practice: planning and teaching lessons to develop reading skills Assignment: Language skills related tasks
b. identify ways of making reading texts more intelligible to learners
3.2
Listening
3.2.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing listening skills
understand basic concepts and terminology used for describing listening skills, and apply this to practical teaching
3.2.2
Purposes of listening
understand how approaches to listening texts vary depending on the purpose of listening, and make practical use of this in teaching
3.2.3
Features of listening texts
a. identify some of the features which indicate the purpose of utterances and listening texts and which help convey meaning
Teaching practice: planning and teaching lessons to develop listening skills Assignment: Language skills related tasks
b. make practical use of this knowledge and awareness in teaching
3.2.4
Potential barriers to listening
a. identify some of the difficulties learners face when listening b. demonstrate ways of helping learners understand listening texts and improve their listening skills
3.3
Speaking
3.3.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing speaking skills
understand basic concepts and terminology used for describing speaking skills, and apply this to practical teaching
3.3.2
Features of spoken English
a. identify some key features of spoken English b. identify some ways in which spoken English differs from written English c. make practical use of this knowledge and awareness in planning and teaching
3.3.3
Language functions
a. identify a wide range of language functions and the forms used to express them b. apply knowledge of language functions to planning and teaching
8
3.3.4
Paralinguistic features
understand the role of paralinguistic features (e.g. gesture, gaze) in communication
3.3.5
Phonemic systems
identify and describe some differences in phonemic systems of languages spoken by learners
TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 3
Teaching practice: planning and teaching lessons to develop speaking skills Assignments: Language skills related tasks Focus on the learner
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
3.4
Writing
3.4.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing writing skills
understand basic concepts and terminology used for describing writing skills, and apply this to practical teaching
3.4.2
Subskills and features of written texts
a. identify some of the subskills of writing
Stages of teaching writing
a. identify the stages of producing written text
3.4.3
b. identify some features of written texts
Teaching practice: planning and teaching lessons/parts of lessons to develop writing skills Assignment: Focus on the learner
b. make practical use of knowledge about writing subskills, features of written language and stages of producing written text in planning and teaching
3.4.4
Beginner literacy
a. understand some issues relating to beginner literacy b. apply awareness of beginner literacy issues to practical teaching situations
3.4.5
English spelling and punctuation
a. identify some English spelling patterns and some strategies to help learners develop their spelling skills b. identify some ways in which punctuation contributes to meaning in written text c. apply a basic understanding of English spelling and punctuation to practical teaching
3.5 3.5
Teaching Key strategies and approaches for developing learners’ receptive and productive skills
use strategies, approaches and techniques to develop learners’ receptive and productive skills
Teaching practice
Topic 3 assessment Key assignment See Language skills related tasks on page 17.
Key teaching practice criteria See pages 15 and 16 for criteria 4a–c, 4l, and 3a–3c.
TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 3
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic descriptions TOPIC 4 – Planning and resources for different teaching contexts Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
4.1
4.2
Principles of planning for effective teaching of adult learners of English
a. understand the purpose and principles of planning for effective teaching of adult learners
Lesson planning
b. distinguish between different kinds of teaching and different kinds of lessons, and select the kinds of lessons that are most appropriate for particular learners
Assignment: Lessons from the classroom
Lesson planning for effective teaching of adult learners of English
a. plan logically sequenced lessons that are appropriate to the needs of the learners b. devise lesson plans which include: - a statement of aims - a class profile - anticipation of difficulties and suggested solutions - description of teacher and learner interactions - details of resources to be used - staged description of procedures including anticipated timings c. relate, where appropriate, the learners’ language needs to learning in other areas, showing awareness of the broader educational context in which the teaching/ learning of English is situated
4.3
Evaluation of lesson planning
a. evaluate their own lesson preparation before and after teaching through reflection and by taking note of comments from tutors, colleagues and learners b. take of this evaluation in planning future lessons
4.4
4.5
The selection, adaptation and evaluation of materials and resources in planning (including computer and other technology based resources)
a. select and evaluate materials and resources (including use of technology)
Knowledge of commercially produced resources and non-published materials and classroom resources for teaching English to adults
develop a basic working knowledge of some commercially produced and non-published materials and classroom resources for teaching English to adults
Topic 4 assessment Key assignment See Lessons from the classroom on page 18.
Key teaching practice criteria See page 15 for criteria 4a–n.
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TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 4
b. understand the need for and begin to put into practice, with due regard for the provisions of copyright, the adaptation of resources and materials to meet the requirements of specific groups of adult learners
Teaching practice
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic descriptions TOPIC 5 – Developing teaching skills and professionalism Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
5.1
The effective organisation of the classroom
a. arrange the physical features of the classroom to suit the learners and the type of lesson, and ensure safety regulations are taken into b. set up and manage whole class work, pair and group work and individual work as appropriate
5.2
Classroom presence and control
establish and maintain a good rapport with learners at all times and foster a constructive learning atmosphere
5.3
Teacher and learner language
a. use their own English language skills to enhance the effectiveness of their teaching
Teaching practice Assignment: Lessons from the classroom
b. adjust their own use of language to the level of the class c. give clear instructions d. choose appropriate moments, and appropriate strategies for correcting learners’ language
5.4
The use of teaching materials and resources
a. make appropriate use of a range of materials and resources in relation to specified aims b. understand the implications of teaching with limited resources
5.5
Practical skills for teaching at a range of levels
a. work successfully with learners at different levels, using appropriate types of classroom activity to develop learners’ language and skills b. involve learners of different ability levels in the work of the class and enable them to feel a sense of progress
5.6
The monitoring and evaluation of adult learners
a. monitor learner behaviours in class time and respond appropriately b. incorporate into their lessons some basic assessment procedures c. make planning decisions on the basis of assessment
5.7
Evaluation of the teaching/ learning process
a. make balanced and constructive self-appraisal of their own teaching b. respond appropriately to from tutors, peers and learners c. assess their own strengths and development needs, make practical use of that assessment and set goals and targets for future development d. make constructive appraisals of the lessons of their colleagues
TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 5
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
5.8
Professional development: responsibilities
a. d emonstrate professional responsibility by following any institutional code(s) of practice and implementing institutional requirements including: – health and safety procedures – equal opportunities policies – record keeping and time-keeping requirements b. understand the limits of their responsibility with regard to the welfare, health, safety and supervision of learners and know when to assume responsibility themselves or refer responsibility, ensuring that it has been assumed by someone else
5.9
Professional development: systems
in recognition of the initial nature and scope of their training so far, respond appropriately to relevant aspects of professional development by finding out about opportunities for further professional development in teaching English to adults, including: –– appropriate professional associations –– magazines –– journals and publications for teachers entering the field of teaching English language to adults
Topic 5 assessment Key assignment See Lessons from the classroom on page 18.
Key teaching practice criteria See page 16 for criteria 5a–n.
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TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 5
Teaching practice Assignment: Lessons from the classroom
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Course requirements and components of assessment
Assessment requirements To meet the assessment requirements, candidates are required to attend a course and to: • • •
practice-teach classes of the relevant age group and size for a total of six hours observe experienced teachers teaching classes of language learners for a total of six hours, three of which may be on video maintain and submit a portfolio of all coursework including all written assignments and materials related to teaching practice.
Mode of assessment Assessment is continuous and integrated. Continuous here means that assessment takes place throughout the course. Integrated here means that both assessed components contribute to the overall grade.
The two components of assessment Component One: Planning and teaching In this component, candidates are required to practice-teach for a total of six assessed hours, working with adult learners at a minimum of two levels in classes of the required size. (Please refer to the istration Handbook for regulations regarding teaching practice.) By the end of the six hours of assessed teaching practice, candidates should have demonstrated successful achievement of all the teaching practice assessment criteria, detailed on pages 15–16.
Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments This component consists of four written assignments: • • • •
one assignment focuses on adult learners and learning contexts one assignment focuses on an aspect of the language system of English one assignment focuses on an aspect of language skills one assignment requires reflection on classroom teaching and the identification of action points.
The centre is responsible for deg the written assignments, which should each be between 750 and 1,000 words. The assignments are internally assessed and externally moderated. Two assignments may be conflated into one larger assignment provided that all the assessment criteria are met.
Certificate grades The Certificate will be awarded to candidates who meet the course requirements and whose performance meets, or exceeds, the criteria in both assessment components. Candidates are ineligible for the award in cases where dishonesty or plagiarism is brought to the attention of Cambridge English. The following performance descriptors are to be interpreted in the CELTA context, bearing in mind that candidates are pre-service and undertaking initial teacher training including six hours of teaching practice. The CELTA performance descriptors are for use by tutors and assessors at the end of the course to determine final recommended grades. By the end of the course, candidates’ performance must match ALL of the descriptors at a particular ing grade in order to achieve that grade.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS AND COMPONENTS OF ASSESSMENT
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
B
A
Planning
Candidates can plan effectively with guidance. They can analyse target language adequately and generally select appropriate resources and tasks for successful language and language skills development.
Candidates can plan effectively with some guidance. They can analyse target language well and select appropriate resources and tasks for successful language and language skills development.
Candidates can plan effectively with minimal guidance. They can analyse target language thoroughly and select appropriate resources and tasks for successful language and language skills development.
Teaching
Candidates can generally deliver effective language and skills lessons, using a variety of classroom teaching techniques with a degree of success.
Candidates can deliver effective language and skills lessons, using a variety of classroom teaching techniques successfully.
Candidates can deliver effective language and skills lessons, using a variety of classroom teaching techniques successfully.
Awareness of learners
Candidates show some awareness of learners and some ability to respond so that learners benefit from the lessons.
Candidates show good awareness of learners and can respond so that learners benefit from the lessons.
Candidates show very good awareness of learners and can respond so that learners benefit from the lessons.
Reflection
Candidates can reflect on some key strengths and weaknesses and generally use these reflections to develop their teaching skills.
Candidates can reflect on key strengths and weaknesses and generally use these reflections to develop their teaching skills.
Candidates can reflect on key strengths and weaknesses and consistently use these reflections to develop their teaching skills.
Overall
Candidates’ planning and teaching show satisfactory understanding of English language learning and teaching processes at CELTA level.
Candidates’ planning and teaching show good understanding of English language learning and teaching processes at CELTA level.
Candidates’ planning and teaching show excellent understanding of English language learning and teaching processes at CELTA level.
All CELTA assessment criteria are achieved and requirements for written work are met. Fail Candidates’ performance does not match all of the descriptors. Some CELTA assessment criteria are not achieved and/or requirements for written work are not met.
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COURSE REQUIREMENTS AND COMPONENTS OF ASSESSMENT
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Component One: Planning and teaching
Centres are responsible for including six hours’ supervised and assessed teaching practice as part of the programme. This teaching practice will typically involve candidates working with specially arranged groups of learners. In some colleges, candidates may be placed as an apprentice with a class teacher and work alongside the class teacher in a supervised role. The teaching practice is timetabled on a continuous basis throughout the course so that opportunities are provided for candidates to show that they can apply theory to practice in classroom teaching. In their teaching and in their lesson plans, candidates should demonstrate an increasing ability in their achievement of the assessment criteria which are detailed below. By the end of the course, candidates should be able to plan, prepare and teach a range of lessons designed for adult learners of English. The programme for the six hours’ assessed teaching practice should provide each candidate with opportunities to teach for at least two hours at two different levels, one of which should be below intermediate level. The number of occasions on which candidates should practice-teach and the length of the assessed lessons are not specified, but on a minimum of two occasions, opportunities to practice-teach for at least 40 minutes should be provided. Opportunities for candidates to teach a broad range of lesson types should also be included. The overall scope and assessment criteria for teaching practice are described below. Please note that in order to show how the assessment criteria are linked to the syllabus, each criterion is introduced by a number that refers to a corresponding topic of the syllabus.
Planning and teaching By the end of the six hours’ assessed teaching practice, successful candidates at level should show convincingly that they can: prepare and plan for the effective teaching of adult ESOL learners by: 4a identifying and stating appropriate aims/outcomes for individual lessons 4b ordering activities so that they achieve lesson aims/outcomes 4c selecting, adapting or deg materials, activities, resources and technical aids appropriate for the lesson 4d presenting the materials for classroom use with a professional appearance, and with regard to copyright requirements 4e describing the procedure of the lesson in sufficient detail 4f including interaction patterns appropriate for the materials and activities used in the lesson 4g ensuring balance, variety and a communicative focus in materials, tasks and activities 4h allocating appropriate timing for different stages in the lessons 4i analysing language with attention to form, meaning and phonology and using correct terminology 4j anticipating potential difficulties with language, materials and learners 4k suggesting solutions to anticipated problems 4l using terminology that relates to language skills and subskills correctly 4m working constructively with colleagues in the planning of teaching practice sessions 4n reflecting on and evaluating their plans in light of the learning process and suggesting improvements for future plans. demonstrate professional competence as teachers by: 1a teaching a class with an awareness of the needs and interests of the learner group 1b teaching a class with an awareness of learning styles and cultural factors that may affect learning 1c acknowledging, when necessary, learners’ backgrounds and previous learning experiences 1d establishing good rapport with learners and ensuring they are fully involved in learning activities 2a adjusting their own use of language in the classroom according to the learner group and the context 2b identifying errors and sensitively correcting learners’ oral and written language 2c providing clear contexts and a communicative focus for language 2d providing accurate and appropriate models of oral and written language in the classroom
COMPONENT ONE
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
2e focusing on language items in the classroom by clarifying relevant aspects of meaning and form (including phonology) for learners to an appropriate degree of depth 2f showing awareness of differences in 2g providing appropriate practice of language items 3a helping learners to understand reading and listening texts 3b helping learners to develop oral fluency 3c helping learners to develop writing skills 5a arranging the physical features of the classroom appropriately for teaching and learning, bearing in mind safety regulations of the institution 5b setting up whole class and/or group or individual activities appropriate to the lesson type 5c selecting appropriate teaching techniques in relation to the content of the lesson 5d managing the learning process in such a way that lesson aims are achieved 5e making use of materials, resources and technical aids in such a way that they enhance learning 5f using appropriate means to make instructions for tasks and activities clear to learners 5g using a range of questions effectively for the purpose of elicitation and checking of understanding 5h providing learners with appropriate on tasks and activities 5i
maintaining an appropriate learning pace in relation to materials, tasks and activities
5j
monitoring learners appropriately in relation to the task or activity
5k beginning and finishing lessons on time and, if necessary, making any relevant regulations pertaining to the teaching institution clear to learners 5l
maintaining accurate and up-to-date records in their portfolio
5m noting their own teaching strengths and weaknesses in different teaching situations in light of from learners, teachers and teacher educators 5n participating in and responding to .
16
COMPONENT ONE
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments
Centres are responsible for deg four written assignments which relate directly to the course programme. The scope and assessment criteria for each written assignment are described below and on page 18. Each assignment should be between 750 and 1,000 words. A variety of formats may be used but two of the assignments must be written in academic prose. Assignments may consist of a series of tasks. It is also possible for centres to conflate two assignments into one longer assignment with two discrete parts; in this case, the assignment is still assessed as two separate pieces of work and each section of the assignment must be graded separately.
Assignment 2.1 Focus on the learner The design of the assignment to include: Length 750–1,000 words • investigation of the learning context and assessment of learner needs with reference to a specific learner or group of learners • identification of sources for language and/or skills development and, where appropriate, personal • suggestions for specific language and/or skill focused activities and an explanation/rationale for the use of these activities with the specific learners identified
Candidates can demonstrate their learning by: a. showing awareness of how a learner’s/learners’ background(s), previous learning experience and learning style(s) affect learning b. identifying the learner’s/learners’ language and/or skills needs c. correctly using terminology relating to the description of language systems and/or language skills d. selecting appropriate material and/or resources to aid the learner’s/learners’ language and/or skills development e. providing a rationale for using specific activities with a learner/learners f. finding, selecting and referencing information from one or more sources using written language that is clear, accurate and appropriate to the task
Assignment 2.2 Language related tasks The design of the assignment to include:
Candidates can demonstrate their learning by:
Length 750–1,000 words
a. analysing language correctly for teaching purposes
• identification of significant features of the form, pronunciation, meaning and use of language items/areas and the use of relevant information from reference materials
b. correctly using terminology relating to form, meaning and phonology when analysing language c. accessing reference materials and referencing information they have learned about language to an appropriate source d. using written language that is clear, accurate and appropriate to the task
Assignment 2.3 Language skills related tasks The design of the assignment to include: Length 750–1,000 words • evidence of the candidate’s background reading in the topic area
Candidates can demonstrate their learning by: a. correctly using terminology that relates to language skills and subskills b. relating task design to language skills development
• identification of the receptive language skills and/or subskills c. finding, selecting and referencing information from one or more sources using written language that is clear, accurate that could be practised and developed using coursebook and appropriate to the task material or authentic text • identification of productive language skills that could be practised and developed in relation to that text • task design in relation to the text with brief rationale
COMPONENT TWO
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Assignment 2.4 Lessons from the classroom The design of the assignment to include: Length 750–1,000 words • candidates’ identification of their own teaching strengths and development needs • reflections on their own teaching • reflections on the implications for their own teaching from the observations of experienced ELT professionals and colleagues on the course
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COMPONENT TWO
Candidates can demonstrate their learning by: a. noting their own teaching strengths and weaknesses in different situations in light of from learners, teachers and teacher educators b. identifying which ELT areas of knowledge and skills they need further development in c. describing in a specific way how they might develop their ELT knowledge and skills beyond the course d. using written language that is clear, accurate and appropriate to the task
Syllabus and Assessment Guidelines
CELTA (Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) is regulated by Ofqual (the regulator of qualifications, examinations and assessments in England) at level 5 on the Qualifications and Credit Framework. Cambridge English Language Assessment is part of the University of Cambridge. We develop and produce the most valuable range of qualifications for learners and teachers of English in the world. Over 5 million people take Cambridge English exams each year in more than 130 countries. Around the world over 20,000 universities, employers, government ministries and other organisations accept our certificates. Cambridge English Language Assessment – a not-for-profit organisation. All details are correct at the time of going to print in June 2015.
Cambridge English Language Assessment 1 Hills Road Cambridge CB1 2EU United Kingdom www.cambridgeenglish.org/helpdesk
www.cambridgeenglish.org/celta
© UCLES 2015 | CE/2872/5Y06
Fourth Edition
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Contents
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Syllabus overview..........................................................................................................................................................................................................
4
Topic descriptions.........................................................................................................................................................................................................
6
Topic 1 Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context........................................................................................... 6 Topic 2 Language analysis and awareness............................................................................................................................................... 7 Topic 3 Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing...................................................................................................... 8 Topic 4 Planning and resources for different teaching contexts........................................................................................................ 10 Topic 5 Developing teaching skills and professionalism...................................................................................................................... 11 Course requirements and components of assessment...................................................................................................................................... 13 The two components of assessment.......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Certificate grades.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 13 Component One: Planning and teaching................................................................................................................................................................ 15 Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments.............................................................................................................................. 17
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Introduction – Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (CELTA) Target candidature The Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (CELTA) is an introductory course for candidates who have little or no previous English language teaching experience. It may also be suitable for candidates with some experience but little previous training.
Course aims The course enables candidates to: • • •
acquire essential subject knowledge and familiarity with the principles of effective teaching acquire a range of practical skills for teaching English to adult learners demonstrate their ability to apply their learning in a real teaching context.
Candidates who complete the course successfully can begin working in a variety of ESOL teaching contexts around the world.
Syllabus overview This document outlines the syllabus and assessment criteria for CELTA. The following syllabus is a reflection of the pre-service entry point of prospective candidates and outlines both the subject knowledge and the pedagogic knowledge and skills required for beginner ESOL teachers. The syllabus consists of five specific topic areas: • • • • •
Topic 1 Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context Topic 2 Language analysis and awareness Topic 3 Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing Topic 4 Planning and resources for different teaching contexts Topic 5 Developing teaching skills and professionalism.
Assessment overview CELTA is awarded to candidates who have completed the course and who have met the assessment criteria for all written and practical assignments. The overall assessment aims for each topic are that candidates should be able to: 1. assess learner needs, and plan and teach lessons which take of learners’ backgrounds, learning preferences and current needs 2. demonstrate language knowledge and awareness and appropriate teaching strategies 3. demonstrate knowledge about language skills and how they may be acquired 4. plan and prepare lessons designed to develop their learners’ overall language competence 5. demonstrate an appropriate range of teaching skills at this level and show professional awareness and responsibility.
Assessment framework There are two components, Component One: Planning and teaching and Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments (of which there are four in total). CELTA is internally assessed and externally moderated by a Cambridge English approved assessor, who samples portfolios and teaching practice and who discusses and agrees the grades for all candidates.
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INTRODUCTION
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Table 1 outlines the relationship of the assessment aims to the assessed work:
✔
indicates a main assessment area
indicates a secondary assessment area.
Table 1 Assessment grid Component One: Planning and teaching
Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments
Aim
Lesson Plans
Teaching
Assignment 1
1
✔
✔
✔
2
✔
✔
3
✔
✔
4
✔
✔
✔
5
✔
✔
✔
Assignment 2
Assignment 3
Assignment 4
✔ ✔
Table 2 Summary of the primary assessment tasks for each topic Topics
Assessment
1. Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context
Planning and teaching Written assignment 1
2. Language analysis and awareness
Planning and teaching Written assignment 2
3. Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing
Planning and teaching Written assignment 3
4. Planning and resources for different teaching contexts
Planning and teaching Written assignment 4
5. Developing teaching skills and professionalism
Planning and teaching Written assignment 4
Cambridge English reserves the right to request samples of any work during and up to six months after the course.
Course programmes Certificate course programmes are designed by individual centres using the syllabus and course objectives. Courses will have a minimum of 120 hours including: • • • • • • •
input supervised lesson planning teaching practice (six assessed hours) on teaching peer observation observation of experienced teachers (minimum six hours) consultation time.
Candidates will need to dedicate a minimum of 80 hours for the required reading, research, pre- and post-session tasks, assignments and lesson preparation.
INTRODUCTION 3
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Syllabus overview
Topic 1 – Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context 1.1
Cultural, linguistic and educational backgrounds
1.2
Motivations for learning English as an adult
1.3
Learning and teaching styles
1.4
Context for learning and teaching English
1.5
Varieties of English
1.6
Multilingualism and the role of first languages
Topic 2 – Language analysis and awareness 2.1
Basic concepts and terminology used in ELT for describing form and meaning in language and language use
2.2
Grammar – grammatical frameworks: rules and conventions relating to words, sentences, paragraphs and texts
2.3
Lexis: word formation, meaning and use in context
2.4
Phonology: the formation and description of English phonemes; features of connected speech
2.5
The practical significance of similarities and differences between languages
2.6
Reference materials for language awareness
2.7
Key strategies and approaches for developing learners’ language knowledge
Topic 3 – Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing 3.1 Reading 3.1.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing reading skills
3.1.2 Purposes of reading 3.1.3 Decoding meaning 3.1.4 Potential barriers to reading 3.2 Listening 3.2.1 Basic concepts and terminology used for describing listening skills 3.2.2 Purposes of listening 3.2.3 Features of listening texts 3.2.4 Potential barriers to listening 3.3 Speaking 3.3.1 Basic concepts and terminology used for describing speaking skills 3.3.2 Features of spoken English 3.3.3 Language functions 3.3.4 Paralinguistic features 3.3.5 Phonemic systems 3.4 Writing 3.4.1 Basic concepts and terminology used for describing writing skills 3.4.2 Subskills and features of written texts 3.4.3 Stages of teaching writing 3.4.4 Beginner literacy 3.4.5 English spelling and punctuation 3.5
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Key strategies and approaches for developing learners’ receptive and productive skills
SYLLABUS OVERVIEW
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic 4 – Planning and resources for different teaching contexts 4.1
Principles of planning for effective teaching of adult learners of English
4.2
Lesson planning for effective teaching of adult learners of English
4.3
Evaluation of lesson planning
4.4
The selection, adaptation and evaluation of materials and resources in planning (including computer and other technology based resources)
4.5
Knowledge of commercially produced resources and non-published materials and classroom resources for teaching English to adults
Topic 5 – Developing teaching skills and professionalism 5.1
The effective organisation of the classroom
5.2
Classroom presence and control
5.3
Teacher and learner language
5.4
The use of teaching materials and resources
5.5
Practical skills for teaching at a range of levels
5.6
The monitoring and evaluation of adult learners
5.7
Evaluation of the teaching/learning process
5.8
Professional development: responsibilities
5.9
Professional development: systems
SYLLABUS OVERVIEW
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Topic descriptions TOPIC 1 – Learners and teachers, and the teaching and learning context Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
1.1
Cultural, linguistic and educational backgrounds
understand the range of backgrounds and experiences that adult learners bring to their classes
Teaching practice: planning and teaching
1.2
Motivations for learning English as an adult
a. understand the different motivations and expectations that adults bring to learning English
Assignment: Focus on the learner
b. identify ways in which personal factors may affect language learning c. make practical use of this knowledge and understanding to plan and teach with sensitivity d. develop and maintain motivation, identify and respond to expectations
1.3
Learning and teaching styles
a. demonstrate an awareness of the different learning styles and preferences that adults bring to learning English b. demonstrate an awareness of the different roles teachers may adopt at different stages of teaching and in different teaching/learning contexts c. make practical use of this awareness in planning and teaching
1.4
Context for learning and teaching English
a. understand in broad the context in which teaching is taking place with special reference to the learners, the physical surroundings and the availability of resources b. understand the broad range of learning needs including the needs of learners with learning difficulties and/or disabilities c. make practical use of this understanding in adapting teaching to contexts and learners’ needs
1.5
Varieties of English
a. understand the main ways that varieties of English differ from one another b. demonstrate awareness of the need for teachers and learners to make informed choices about language models for teaching and learning c. make practical use of this knowledge and awareness in planning and teaching
1.6
Multilingualism and the role of first languages
Topic 1 assessment Key assignment See Focus on the learner on page 17.
Key teaching practice criteria See page 15 for criterion 4a and criteria 1a–c.
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TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 1
understand the kinds of language backgrounds that learners may come from (e.g. multilingual/monolingual; standard/non-standard) and how a learner’s language background might influence the learning of English
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic descriptions TOPIC 2 – Language analysis and awareness Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
2.1
2.2
Basic concepts and terminology used in ELT to discuss language form and use
understand key terminology used in ELT to talk about language and apply this terminology to planning and teaching
Grammar
a. understand a range of the rules and conventions relating to words, sentences, paragraphs and texts
Assignment: Language related tasks Language analysis for teaching
Grammar – Grammatical frameworks: rules and b. demonstrate a basic working knowledge of how the conventions relating to words, verb phrase and the noun phrase are formed and used sentences, paragraphs and in English, for example: texts –– tense and aspect –– voice –– modality, including the expression of hypothetical meaning –– finite and non-finite forms –– the adverbial element –– countability
2.3
Lexis Word formation, meaning and use in context
a. understand basic principles of word formation and lexical meaning, for example: –– meaning and definition –– pronunciation –– spelling –– affixation and compounding –– synonomy and hyponymy b. understand the effect on word choice of factors such as: –– co-text (e.g. collocation) –– context of situation (style)
2.4
Phonology The formation and description of English phonemes Features of connected speech
a. demonstrate a working knowledge of the sounds of English b. understand some features of connected speech, for example: –– –– –– ––
linking assimilation and elision word and sentence stress intonation patterns
2.5
The practical significance of similarities and differences between languages
identify some significant differences between their own language and a foreign language, and demonstrate in practice their understanding of the relevance of some of these differences for the teacher and learner
Assignment: Focus on the learner
2.6
Reference materials for language awareness
use a range of reference material to analyse and describe language for teaching purposes
Assignment: Language related tasks
2.7
Key strategies and approaches for developing learners’ language knowledge
use strategies, approaches and techniques to develop learners’ language knowledge, for example inductive and deductive presentations
Teaching practice
Topic 2 assessment Key assignment See Language related tasks on page 17.
Key teaching practice criteria See pages 15 and 16 for criteria 4a–c, 4i–k and 2a–2g.
TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 2
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Topic descriptions TOPIC 3 – Language skills: reading, listening, speaking and writing Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
3.1
Reading
3.1.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing reading skills
understand basic concepts and terminology used for describing reading skills, and apply this to planning and teaching
3.1.2
Purposes of reading
understand how approaches to reading texts vary depending on the purpose of reading, and make practical use of this in teaching
3.1.3
Decoding meaning
identify some of the features which help learners decode meanings of words, sentences and whole texts, and make practical use of this in teaching
3.1.4
Potential barriers to reading
a. identify some of the difficulties learners may face when trying to understand texts
Teaching practice: planning and teaching lessons to develop reading skills Assignment: Language skills related tasks
b. identify ways of making reading texts more intelligible to learners
3.2
Listening
3.2.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing listening skills
understand basic concepts and terminology used for describing listening skills, and apply this to practical teaching
3.2.2
Purposes of listening
understand how approaches to listening texts vary depending on the purpose of listening, and make practical use of this in teaching
3.2.3
Features of listening texts
a. identify some of the features which indicate the purpose of utterances and listening texts and which help convey meaning
Teaching practice: planning and teaching lessons to develop listening skills Assignment: Language skills related tasks
b. make practical use of this knowledge and awareness in teaching
3.2.4
Potential barriers to listening
a. identify some of the difficulties learners face when listening b. demonstrate ways of helping learners understand listening texts and improve their listening skills
3.3
Speaking
3.3.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing speaking skills
understand basic concepts and terminology used for describing speaking skills, and apply this to practical teaching
3.3.2
Features of spoken English
a. identify some key features of spoken English b. identify some ways in which spoken English differs from written English c. make practical use of this knowledge and awareness in planning and teaching
3.3.3
Language functions
a. identify a wide range of language functions and the forms used to express them b. apply knowledge of language functions to planning and teaching
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3.3.4
Paralinguistic features
understand the role of paralinguistic features (e.g. gesture, gaze) in communication
3.3.5
Phonemic systems
identify and describe some differences in phonemic systems of languages spoken by learners
TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 3
Teaching practice: planning and teaching lessons to develop speaking skills Assignments: Language skills related tasks Focus on the learner
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
3.4
Writing
3.4.1
Basic concepts and terminology used for describing writing skills
understand basic concepts and terminology used for describing writing skills, and apply this to practical teaching
3.4.2
Subskills and features of written texts
a. identify some of the subskills of writing
Stages of teaching writing
a. identify the stages of producing written text
3.4.3
b. identify some features of written texts
Teaching practice: planning and teaching lessons/parts of lessons to develop writing skills Assignment: Focus on the learner
b. make practical use of knowledge about writing subskills, features of written language and stages of producing written text in planning and teaching
3.4.4
Beginner literacy
a. understand some issues relating to beginner literacy b. apply awareness of beginner literacy issues to practical teaching situations
3.4.5
English spelling and punctuation
a. identify some English spelling patterns and some strategies to help learners develop their spelling skills b. identify some ways in which punctuation contributes to meaning in written text c. apply a basic understanding of English spelling and punctuation to practical teaching
3.5 3.5
Teaching Key strategies and approaches for developing learners’ receptive and productive skills
use strategies, approaches and techniques to develop learners’ receptive and productive skills
Teaching practice
Topic 3 assessment Key assignment See Language skills related tasks on page 17.
Key teaching practice criteria See pages 15 and 16 for criteria 4a–c, 4l, and 3a–3c.
TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 3
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic descriptions TOPIC 4 – Planning and resources for different teaching contexts Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
4.1
4.2
Principles of planning for effective teaching of adult learners of English
a. understand the purpose and principles of planning for effective teaching of adult learners
Lesson planning
b. distinguish between different kinds of teaching and different kinds of lessons, and select the kinds of lessons that are most appropriate for particular learners
Assignment: Lessons from the classroom
Lesson planning for effective teaching of adult learners of English
a. plan logically sequenced lessons that are appropriate to the needs of the learners b. devise lesson plans which include: - a statement of aims - a class profile - anticipation of difficulties and suggested solutions - description of teacher and learner interactions - details of resources to be used - staged description of procedures including anticipated timings c. relate, where appropriate, the learners’ language needs to learning in other areas, showing awareness of the broader educational context in which the teaching/ learning of English is situated
4.3
Evaluation of lesson planning
a. evaluate their own lesson preparation before and after teaching through reflection and by taking note of comments from tutors, colleagues and learners b. take of this evaluation in planning future lessons
4.4
4.5
The selection, adaptation and evaluation of materials and resources in planning (including computer and other technology based resources)
a. select and evaluate materials and resources (including use of technology)
Knowledge of commercially produced resources and non-published materials and classroom resources for teaching English to adults
develop a basic working knowledge of some commercially produced and non-published materials and classroom resources for teaching English to adults
Topic 4 assessment Key assignment See Lessons from the classroom on page 18.
Key teaching practice criteria See page 15 for criteria 4a–n.
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TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 4
b. understand the need for and begin to put into practice, with due regard for the provisions of copyright, the adaptation of resources and materials to meet the requirements of specific groups of adult learners
Teaching practice
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Topic descriptions TOPIC 5 – Developing teaching skills and professionalism Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
5.1
The effective organisation of the classroom
a. arrange the physical features of the classroom to suit the learners and the type of lesson, and ensure safety regulations are taken into b. set up and manage whole class work, pair and group work and individual work as appropriate
5.2
Classroom presence and control
establish and maintain a good rapport with learners at all times and foster a constructive learning atmosphere
5.3
Teacher and learner language
a. use their own English language skills to enhance the effectiveness of their teaching
Teaching practice Assignment: Lessons from the classroom
b. adjust their own use of language to the level of the class c. give clear instructions d. choose appropriate moments, and appropriate strategies for correcting learners’ language
5.4
The use of teaching materials and resources
a. make appropriate use of a range of materials and resources in relation to specified aims b. understand the implications of teaching with limited resources
5.5
Practical skills for teaching at a range of levels
a. work successfully with learners at different levels, using appropriate types of classroom activity to develop learners’ language and skills b. involve learners of different ability levels in the work of the class and enable them to feel a sense of progress
5.6
The monitoring and evaluation of adult learners
a. monitor learner behaviours in class time and respond appropriately b. incorporate into their lessons some basic assessment procedures c. make planning decisions on the basis of assessment
5.7
Evaluation of the teaching/ learning process
a. make balanced and constructive self-appraisal of their own teaching b. respond appropriately to from tutors, peers and learners c. assess their own strengths and development needs, make practical use of that assessment and set goals and targets for future development d. make constructive appraisals of the lessons of their colleagues
TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 5
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Ref
Syllabus content
Learning outcomes
Assessment
Successful candidates are able to:
5.8
Professional development: responsibilities
a. d emonstrate professional responsibility by following any institutional code(s) of practice and implementing institutional requirements including: – health and safety procedures – equal opportunities policies – record keeping and time-keeping requirements b. understand the limits of their responsibility with regard to the welfare, health, safety and supervision of learners and know when to assume responsibility themselves or refer responsibility, ensuring that it has been assumed by someone else
5.9
Professional development: systems
in recognition of the initial nature and scope of their training so far, respond appropriately to relevant aspects of professional development by finding out about opportunities for further professional development in teaching English to adults, including: –– appropriate professional associations –– magazines –– journals and publications for teachers entering the field of teaching English language to adults
Topic 5 assessment Key assignment See Lessons from the classroom on page 18.
Key teaching practice criteria See page 16 for criteria 5a–n.
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TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS: TOPIC 5
Teaching practice Assignment: Lessons from the classroom
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Course requirements and components of assessment
Assessment requirements To meet the assessment requirements, candidates are required to attend a course and to: • • •
practice-teach classes of the relevant age group and size for a total of six hours observe experienced teachers teaching classes of language learners for a total of six hours, three of which may be on video maintain and submit a portfolio of all coursework including all written assignments and materials related to teaching practice.
Mode of assessment Assessment is continuous and integrated. Continuous here means that assessment takes place throughout the course. Integrated here means that both assessed components contribute to the overall grade.
The two components of assessment Component One: Planning and teaching In this component, candidates are required to practice-teach for a total of six assessed hours, working with adult learners at a minimum of two levels in classes of the required size. (Please refer to the istration Handbook for regulations regarding teaching practice.) By the end of the six hours of assessed teaching practice, candidates should have demonstrated successful achievement of all the teaching practice assessment criteria, detailed on pages 15–16.
Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments This component consists of four written assignments: • • • •
one assignment focuses on adult learners and learning contexts one assignment focuses on an aspect of the language system of English one assignment focuses on an aspect of language skills one assignment requires reflection on classroom teaching and the identification of action points.
The centre is responsible for deg the written assignments, which should each be between 750 and 1,000 words. The assignments are internally assessed and externally moderated. Two assignments may be conflated into one larger assignment provided that all the assessment criteria are met.
Certificate grades The Certificate will be awarded to candidates who meet the course requirements and whose performance meets, or exceeds, the criteria in both assessment components. Candidates are ineligible for the award in cases where dishonesty or plagiarism is brought to the attention of Cambridge English. The following performance descriptors are to be interpreted in the CELTA context, bearing in mind that candidates are pre-service and undertaking initial teacher training including six hours of teaching practice. The CELTA performance descriptors are for use by tutors and assessors at the end of the course to determine final recommended grades. By the end of the course, candidates’ performance must match ALL of the descriptors at a particular ing grade in order to achieve that grade.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS AND COMPONENTS OF ASSESSMENT
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
B
A
Planning
Candidates can plan effectively with guidance. They can analyse target language adequately and generally select appropriate resources and tasks for successful language and language skills development.
Candidates can plan effectively with some guidance. They can analyse target language well and select appropriate resources and tasks for successful language and language skills development.
Candidates can plan effectively with minimal guidance. They can analyse target language thoroughly and select appropriate resources and tasks for successful language and language skills development.
Teaching
Candidates can generally deliver effective language and skills lessons, using a variety of classroom teaching techniques with a degree of success.
Candidates can deliver effective language and skills lessons, using a variety of classroom teaching techniques successfully.
Candidates can deliver effective language and skills lessons, using a variety of classroom teaching techniques successfully.
Awareness of learners
Candidates show some awareness of learners and some ability to respond so that learners benefit from the lessons.
Candidates show good awareness of learners and can respond so that learners benefit from the lessons.
Candidates show very good awareness of learners and can respond so that learners benefit from the lessons.
Reflection
Candidates can reflect on some key strengths and weaknesses and generally use these reflections to develop their teaching skills.
Candidates can reflect on key strengths and weaknesses and generally use these reflections to develop their teaching skills.
Candidates can reflect on key strengths and weaknesses and consistently use these reflections to develop their teaching skills.
Overall
Candidates’ planning and teaching show satisfactory understanding of English language learning and teaching processes at CELTA level.
Candidates’ planning and teaching show good understanding of English language learning and teaching processes at CELTA level.
Candidates’ planning and teaching show excellent understanding of English language learning and teaching processes at CELTA level.
All CELTA assessment criteria are achieved and requirements for written work are met. Fail Candidates’ performance does not match all of the descriptors. Some CELTA assessment criteria are not achieved and/or requirements for written work are not met.
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COURSE REQUIREMENTS AND COMPONENTS OF ASSESSMENT
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Component One: Planning and teaching
Centres are responsible for including six hours’ supervised and assessed teaching practice as part of the programme. This teaching practice will typically involve candidates working with specially arranged groups of learners. In some colleges, candidates may be placed as an apprentice with a class teacher and work alongside the class teacher in a supervised role. The teaching practice is timetabled on a continuous basis throughout the course so that opportunities are provided for candidates to show that they can apply theory to practice in classroom teaching. In their teaching and in their lesson plans, candidates should demonstrate an increasing ability in their achievement of the assessment criteria which are detailed below. By the end of the course, candidates should be able to plan, prepare and teach a range of lessons designed for adult learners of English. The programme for the six hours’ assessed teaching practice should provide each candidate with opportunities to teach for at least two hours at two different levels, one of which should be below intermediate level. The number of occasions on which candidates should practice-teach and the length of the assessed lessons are not specified, but on a minimum of two occasions, opportunities to practice-teach for at least 40 minutes should be provided. Opportunities for candidates to teach a broad range of lesson types should also be included. The overall scope and assessment criteria for teaching practice are described below. Please note that in order to show how the assessment criteria are linked to the syllabus, each criterion is introduced by a number that refers to a corresponding topic of the syllabus.
Planning and teaching By the end of the six hours’ assessed teaching practice, successful candidates at level should show convincingly that they can: prepare and plan for the effective teaching of adult ESOL learners by: 4a identifying and stating appropriate aims/outcomes for individual lessons 4b ordering activities so that they achieve lesson aims/outcomes 4c selecting, adapting or deg materials, activities, resources and technical aids appropriate for the lesson 4d presenting the materials for classroom use with a professional appearance, and with regard to copyright requirements 4e describing the procedure of the lesson in sufficient detail 4f including interaction patterns appropriate for the materials and activities used in the lesson 4g ensuring balance, variety and a communicative focus in materials, tasks and activities 4h allocating appropriate timing for different stages in the lessons 4i analysing language with attention to form, meaning and phonology and using correct terminology 4j anticipating potential difficulties with language, materials and learners 4k suggesting solutions to anticipated problems 4l using terminology that relates to language skills and subskills correctly 4m working constructively with colleagues in the planning of teaching practice sessions 4n reflecting on and evaluating their plans in light of the learning process and suggesting improvements for future plans. demonstrate professional competence as teachers by: 1a teaching a class with an awareness of the needs and interests of the learner group 1b teaching a class with an awareness of learning styles and cultural factors that may affect learning 1c acknowledging, when necessary, learners’ backgrounds and previous learning experiences 1d establishing good rapport with learners and ensuring they are fully involved in learning activities 2a adjusting their own use of language in the classroom according to the learner group and the context 2b identifying errors and sensitively correcting learners’ oral and written language 2c providing clear contexts and a communicative focus for language 2d providing accurate and appropriate models of oral and written language in the classroom
COMPONENT ONE
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
2e focusing on language items in the classroom by clarifying relevant aspects of meaning and form (including phonology) for learners to an appropriate degree of depth 2f showing awareness of differences in 2g providing appropriate practice of language items 3a helping learners to understand reading and listening texts 3b helping learners to develop oral fluency 3c helping learners to develop writing skills 5a arranging the physical features of the classroom appropriately for teaching and learning, bearing in mind safety regulations of the institution 5b setting up whole class and/or group or individual activities appropriate to the lesson type 5c selecting appropriate teaching techniques in relation to the content of the lesson 5d managing the learning process in such a way that lesson aims are achieved 5e making use of materials, resources and technical aids in such a way that they enhance learning 5f using appropriate means to make instructions for tasks and activities clear to learners 5g using a range of questions effectively for the purpose of elicitation and checking of understanding 5h providing learners with appropriate on tasks and activities 5i
maintaining an appropriate learning pace in relation to materials, tasks and activities
5j
monitoring learners appropriately in relation to the task or activity
5k beginning and finishing lessons on time and, if necessary, making any relevant regulations pertaining to the teaching institution clear to learners 5l
maintaining accurate and up-to-date records in their portfolio
5m noting their own teaching strengths and weaknesses in different teaching situations in light of from learners, teachers and teacher educators 5n participating in and responding to .
16
COMPONENT ONE
CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Component Two: Classroom-related written assignments
Centres are responsible for deg four written assignments which relate directly to the course programme. The scope and assessment criteria for each written assignment are described below and on page 18. Each assignment should be between 750 and 1,000 words. A variety of formats may be used but two of the assignments must be written in academic prose. Assignments may consist of a series of tasks. It is also possible for centres to conflate two assignments into one longer assignment with two discrete parts; in this case, the assignment is still assessed as two separate pieces of work and each section of the assignment must be graded separately.
Assignment 2.1 Focus on the learner The design of the assignment to include: Length 750–1,000 words • investigation of the learning context and assessment of learner needs with reference to a specific learner or group of learners • identification of sources for language and/or skills development and, where appropriate, personal • suggestions for specific language and/or skill focused activities and an explanation/rationale for the use of these activities with the specific learners identified
Candidates can demonstrate their learning by: a. showing awareness of how a learner’s/learners’ background(s), previous learning experience and learning style(s) affect learning b. identifying the learner’s/learners’ language and/or skills needs c. correctly using terminology relating to the description of language systems and/or language skills d. selecting appropriate material and/or resources to aid the learner’s/learners’ language and/or skills development e. providing a rationale for using specific activities with a learner/learners f. finding, selecting and referencing information from one or more sources using written language that is clear, accurate and appropriate to the task
Assignment 2.2 Language related tasks The design of the assignment to include:
Candidates can demonstrate their learning by:
Length 750–1,000 words
a. analysing language correctly for teaching purposes
• identification of significant features of the form, pronunciation, meaning and use of language items/areas and the use of relevant information from reference materials
b. correctly using terminology relating to form, meaning and phonology when analysing language c. accessing reference materials and referencing information they have learned about language to an appropriate source d. using written language that is clear, accurate and appropriate to the task
Assignment 2.3 Language skills related tasks The design of the assignment to include: Length 750–1,000 words • evidence of the candidate’s background reading in the topic area
Candidates can demonstrate their learning by: a. correctly using terminology that relates to language skills and subskills b. relating task design to language skills development
• identification of the receptive language skills and/or subskills c. finding, selecting and referencing information from one or more sources using written language that is clear, accurate that could be practised and developed using coursebook and appropriate to the task material or authentic text • identification of productive language skills that could be practised and developed in relation to that text • task design in relation to the text with brief rationale
COMPONENT TWO
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CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: CELTA SYLLABUS
Assignment 2.4 Lessons from the classroom The design of the assignment to include: Length 750–1,000 words • candidates’ identification of their own teaching strengths and development needs • reflections on their own teaching • reflections on the implications for their own teaching from the observations of experienced ELT professionals and colleagues on the course
18
COMPONENT TWO
Candidates can demonstrate their learning by: a. noting their own teaching strengths and weaknesses in different situations in light of from learners, teachers and teacher educators b. identifying which ELT areas of knowledge and skills they need further development in c. describing in a specific way how they might develop their ELT knowledge and skills beyond the course d. using written language that is clear, accurate and appropriate to the task
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