An Inspector Calls 713a20

J. B. Priestley

AN INSPECTOR CALLS EDITED AND ILLUSTRATED BY

Ruth Benton Blackmore

Hodder Murray A MEMBER OF THE HODDER HEADLINE GROUP

The Publishers would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce copyright material: Play copyright © J.B. Priestley 1945 Hodder Headline’s policy is to use papers that are natural, renewable and recyclable products and made from wood grown in sustainable forests. The logging and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. Orders: please Bookpoint Ltd, 130 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4SB. Telephone: (44) 01235 827720. Fax: (44) 01235 400454. Lines are open 9.00–5.00, Monday to Saturday, with a 24-hour message answering service. Visit our website at www.hoddereducation.co.uk © Ruth Benton Blackmore, 2006 First published in 2006 by Hodder Murray, an imprint of Hodder Education, a member of the Hodder Headline Group 338 Euston Road London NW1 3BH Impression number Year

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All rights reserved. Apart from any use permitted under UK copyright law, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or held within any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher or under licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Further details of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. All rights whatsoever in this play are strictly reserved and applications for performance, etc., should be made in advance by professional companies to The Peters Fraser & Dunlop Group Ltd, 503–504 The Chambers, Chelsea Harbour, Lots Road, London SW10 0XF and by amateur companies to Samuel French Ltd, 52 Fitzroy Street, London W1T 5JR Cover photo © Joshua Sheldon/Photonica/Getty Images Typeset in Adobe Garamond 13pt by DC Graphic Design Limited, Swanley Village, Kent Printed and bound in Great Britain by Martins the Printers, Berwick-upon-Tweed A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library ISBN-10: 0340 92750 X ISBN-13: 978 0340 92750 2

Contents

About the play and the author

iv

Cast of characters

v

An Inspector Calls Act 1

1

Act 2

21

Act 3

38

About the play and the author An Inspector Calls was first performed in London, in 1946, just after World War II, though the play is firmly set in 1912. It was a time of great uncertainty, two years before the outbreak of World War I. Unrest was spreading throughout Europe, and in Britain workers were beginning to question the absolute power of their bosses and to take group action in the form of strikes. Abroad, Kaiser Bill (King Wilhelm II of ) was trying his strength and war was threatening. The workers were not alone in questioning the way society was ordered. Writers like Priestley, George Bernard Shaw and T. S. Eliot also wanted to change the world. They had a vision of a comionate society in which people understood that their actions affected others and were prepared to take responsibility not only for themselves, but also for those around them. J. B. Priestley was born in Bradford, Yorkshire, in 1894 and wrote many plays, essays and novels, until his death in 1984. He drew on his own experiences in his work, he left school at 16 and worked in a firm very much like Mr Birling’s in the play. He was 20 years old when World War I broke out. He ed the army and experienced firsthand the ‘fire, blood and anguish’ that the Inspector prophesies in the play. An Inspector Calls is a ‘whodunit’, with moments of suspense, cliff-hanger endings and a terrific twist at the end. The audience is drawn in to make guesses and judgements, and gradually to learn the truth along with the characters on stage. But what sort of truth do they learn, and exactly who is the Inspector? Read the play and see what you think.

iv

Cast of characters

Mr Arthur Birling Founder of a successful and growing manufacturing business, he is important in the town as a major employer, has been Lord Mayor and is a magistrate

Sheila Birling The Birlings’ daughter, in her early twenties, cared for and protected by her parents, and about to make a very useful marriage

Gerald Croft The son of another longestablished and prosperous manufacturing family, aged about 30, Sheila’s fiancé

Inspector Goole Introduced as a police inspector investigating a suicide, he is a man who naturally dominates and has a disconcertingly direct gaze

Edna The Birlings’ servant

Mrs Sybil Birling Arthur’s wife, a cold woman, conscious of her social position and, unlike her husband, born into wealth

Eric Birling The Birlings’ son, younger than his sister Sheila, not as confident as her, nor as at ease as Gerald

Eva Smith Present but unseen – her first with the Birlings was as a worker at the Birling factory … v

BIRL ING

The Birlings’ home, a large suburban villa in Brumley, a North Midlands industrial city. It is a spring evening in the year 1912 and the family are dining with a special guest.

vi

Act 1

Mr Arthur Birling makes one announcement and hints at another. Celebration is mixed with words of advice.

Now then, Sybil, you must take a little tonight. Special occasion, y’know.

Yes, go on, Mummy. You must drink our health.

Well, well – this is very nice. Very nice.

1

I’m treating Gerald like one of the family. And I’m sure he won’t object.

Go on, Gerald – just you object!

Wouldn’t dream of it. I’ve been trying long enough, haven’t I?

Haven’t I? Yes – except for all last summer, when you never came near me, and I wondered what had happened to you.

I was awfully busy at the works all that time. That’s what

say.

Now – what’s the joke?

Suddenly I felt I just had to laugh.

works – manufactory squiffy – early twentieth-century fashionable slang for being drunk

2

You’re squiffy.

Gerald, I’m going to tell you frankly, without any pretences, that your engagement to Sheila means a tremendous lot to me. She’ll make you happy, and I’m sure you’ll make her happy. You’re just the kind of son-in-law I always wanted. Your father and I have been friendly rivals in business for some time now – though Crofts Limited are both older and bigger than Birling and Company – and now you’ve brought us together, and perhaps we may look forward to the time when Crofts and Birlings are no longer competing but are working together – for lower costs and higher prices.

Oh – Gerald – you’ve got it – is it the one you wanted me to have? I think it’s perfect. Now I really feel engaged.

Hear, hear! And I think my father would agree to that.

●

What does Mr Birling like best about his daughter’s engagement?

●

‘Lower costs and higher prices’ – who would benefit most from this and who would benefit least?

3

I just want to say this. There’s a good deal of silly talk about these days – but – and I speak as a hard-headed business man, who has to take risks and knows what he’s about – I say, you can ignore all this silly pessimistic talk. When you marry, you’ll be marrying at a very good time. Yes, a very good time – and soon it’ll be an even better time. Last month, just because the miners came out on strike, there’s a lot of wild talk about possible labour trouble in the near future. Don’t worry. We’ve ed the worst of it. We employers at last are coming together to see that our interests – and the interests of Capital – are properly protected. And we’re in for a time of steadily increasing prosperity.

I believe you’re right, sir.

What about war?

interests of Capital – of advantage to capitalism Capitalism – a system of society based on the uses of money in private as well as public ownership

4

Just let me finish, Eric. You’ve a lot to learn yet. And I say there isn’t a chance of war.

●

Is Mr Birling right in his vision of the future? See page iv.

Mrs Birling and Sheila leave the room with Eric, Arthur Birling gives Gerald some information. Don’t keep Gerald in here too long.

Yes, my dear, I know – I’m talking too much.

Eric – I want you a minute. There’s something I’d like to mention – in strict confidence – there’s a fair chance that I might find my way into the next Honours List. Just a knighthood, of course.

I gather there’s a very good chance of a knighthood – so long as we behave ourselves, don’t get into the police court or start a scandal – eh?

Oh – I say – congratulations!

You seem to be a nice family—

We think we are—

●

After dinner it was customary for the ladies to withdraw – hence ‘(with)drawing-room’ – leaving the gentlemen to their port.

●

Why might Mr Birling confide in Gerald and not in his own son?

5

Eric enters the room while the other two are laughing. Mr Birling’s philosophy is interrupted by an unexpected visitor.

What’s the joke?

Nothing. Want another glass of port?

A man has to make his own way – has to look after himself – and his family too – and so long as he does that, he won’t come to much harm. But the way some of these cranks talk and write now, you’d think everybody has to look after everybody else, as if we were all mixed up together like bees in a hive – community and all that nonsense. But take my word for it, you youngsters – and I’ve learnt in the good hard school of experience – that a man has to mind his own business and look after himself and his own – and— RING

Somebody at the front door.

●

6

If every man or woman were to put the interest of themselves and their family above all others, how would it affect the larger community?

Please, sir, an inspector’s called. A police inspector. He says his name’s Inspector Goole.

Inspector Goole.

Sit down, Inspector. You’re new, aren’t you? Yes, sir. I was an alderman for years – and Lord Mayor two years ago – and I’m still on the Bench – so I know the Brumley police officers pretty well.

NO.

Well, what can I do for you? Some trouble about a warrant?

still on the Bench – still works for the law, he is a magistrate

●

Why does Mr Birling give the inspector this information?

7

The inspector tells of a death, asks a question and shows a photograph to Arthur Birling. He doesn’t show it to Gerald and Eric. Birling: (after a pause, with a touch of impatience) Well, what is it then? Inspector: I’d like some information, if you don’t mind, Mr Birling. Two hours ago a young woman died in the Infirmary. She’d been taken there this afternoon because she’d swallowed a lot of strong disinfectant. Burnt her inside out, of course. Eric: (involuntary) My God! Inspector: Yes, she was in great agony. They did everything they could for her at the Infirmary, but she died. Suicide, of course. Birling: (rather impatiently) Yes, yes. Horrid business. But I don’t understand why you should come here, Inspector— Inspector: (cutting through, massively) I’ve been round to the room she had, and she’d left a letter there and a sort of diary. Like a lot of these young women who get into various kinds of trouble, she’d used more than one name. But her original name – her real name – was Eva Smith. Birling: (thoughtfully) Eva Smith? Inspector: Do you her, Mr Birling? Birling: (slowly) No – I seem to hearing that name – Eva Smith – somewhere. But it doesn’t convey anything to me. And I don’t see where I come into this. Inspector: She was employed in your works at one time. Birling: Oh – that’s it, is it? Well, we’ve several hundred young women there, y’know, and they keep changing. Inspector: This young woman, Eva Smith, was a bit out of the ordinary. I found a photograph of her in her lodgings. Perhaps you’d her from that. Inspector takes a photograph, about postcard size, out of his pocket and goes to Birling. Both Gerald and Eric rise to have a look at the photograph, but the Inspector interposes himself between them and the photograph. They are surprised and rather annoyed. Birling stares hard, and with recognition, at the photograph, which the Inspector then replaces in his pocket. The Inspector makes it clear that he will control how and when things are done. Gerald: (showing annoyance) Any particular reason why I shouldn’t see this girl’s photograph, Inspector? Inspector: (coolly, looking hard at him) There might be. Eric: And the same applies to me, I suppose? 8

Inspector: Yes. Gerald: I can’t imagine what it could be. Eric: Neither can I. Birling: And I must say, I agree with them, Inspector. Inspector: It’s the way I like to go to work. One person and one line of inquiry at a time. Otherwise, there’s a muddle. Birling: I see. Sensible really. (Moves restlessly, then turns.) You’ve had enough of that port, Eric. The Inspector is watching Birling and now Birling notices him. Inspector: I think you Eva Smith now, don’t you, Mr Birling? Birling: Yes, I do. She was one of my employees and then I discharged her. Eric: Is that why she committed suicide? When was this, Father? Birling: Just keep quiet, Eric, and don’t get excited. This girl left us nearly two years ago. Let me see – it must have been in the early autumn of nineteen-ten. Inspector: Yes. End of September, nineteen-ten. Birling: That’s right. Gerald: Look here, sir. Wouldn’t you rather I was out of this? Birling: I don’t mind your being here, Gerald. And I’m sure you’ve no objection, have you, Inspector? Perhaps I ought to explain first that this is Mr Gerald Croft – the son of Sir George Croft – you know, Crofts Limited. Inspector: Mr Gerald Croft, eh? Birling: Yes. Incidentally we’ve been modestly celebrating his engagement to my daughter, Sheila. Inspector: I see. Mr Croft is going to marry Miss Sheila Birling? Gerald: (smiling) I hope so. Inspector: (gravely) Then I’d prefer you to stay.

●

●

How is Mr Birling’s attitude to his son shown in the way that he speaks to him? Why does Mr Birling explain who Gerald is?

9