4-introduction To Operative Dentistry-1 (1)-2 (1) m5557

INTRODUCTION TO OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

Definition • It is the art and science of diagnosis, treatment, and

prognosis of defects of teeth that do not require full coverage restoration

• Operative Dentistry also known as Restorative Dentistry

or Conservative Dentistry.

Purposes of operative dentistry: 1.

Proper diagnosis

2.

Prevention of disease recurrence

3.

Interception ( prevent further loss of tooth structure)

4.

Preservation of the vitality of the tooth

5.

Restoration of tooth form, function, phonetics, and esthetics

Factors affecting operative treatment • There

are

two

main

factors

affecting

treatments:I.

Indications for treatment

II.

Consideration before any operative treatment

operative

1-Indications for operative treatment Dental caries Malformed, discolored, no esthetic, or fractured tooth

Restoration replacement or repair

2-Consideration before operative treatment 1)

An understanding of infection control measures

2)

Examination of oral and systemic health , not only the affected tooth

3)

Proper diagnosis and treatment plan for the dental problem

4)

An understanding of the used materials

5)

An understanding of the oral environment

6)

The

biological

function

of

the

components and ing tissues 7) Knowledge of correct dental anatomy

8) The effect of operative procedure

various

tooth

Dental caries • Def:

It is microbial infectious disease , characterized by demineralization and destruction of the tooth • Clinical sites: 1. Pit and fissures 2. Smooth surface 3. Root surface

Classification of dental caries According to location 1. 2. 3.

 1. 2. 3.

Pit and fissure caries Smooth surface caries Root caries According to the affected tissues Enamel caries Dentinal caries Cementum caries

According to rate of progression 1.

Acute: quickly developing

2.

Chronic: taken an extended period

3.

Arrested: remineralized before causing cavitations

4.

Secondary or recurrent: on the margins of fillings

5.

Incipient caries: initial caries

G.V.Black’s classification of caries lesions class

Affected site

Class I

Occlusal areas and buccal or lingual pits

Class II

Posterior interproximal

Class III

Anterior interproximal

Class IV

Anterior interproximal including the incisal corner

Class V

Cervical (gingival) areas at facial or lingual

Class VI

Cusp tip

Etiology of dental caries • Dental caries is a multi-factorial disease occurs due to

interaction of 1.

Tooth surfaces

2.

Caries causing bacteria

3.

Substrate (diet) With time sequence

Tooth surface

caries Diet

Bacteria

 MALFORMED , DISCOLORED, OR FRACTURED TEETH •

• MALFORMED TEETH

DISCOLORED TEETH

 RESTORATION REPLACEMENT OR REPAIR

Teeth preparation • Objectives:1.

Remove all defects and provide protection to the pulp

2.

Conservative extension to the restoration

3.

Protect tooth and restoration from fracture under force of mastication

4.

Esthetic and functional placement

Stages of tooth preparation: Gaining access Removal of caries Development of final form Choice of restorative material Planning of retentive form

OPERATIVE PROCEDURES Procedures commonly done are: • Direct Restorations

• Indirect restoration • Veneers

 DIRECT RESTORATIONS: Amalgam

Composite resin

GIC (Glass ionomer cement).

INDIRECT RESTORATIONS :

. Inlay

. Onlay

• Crowns

THANK YOU •